Abstract:

Adherence to sickle cell crisis preventive-practices is a major problem in at-risk population. Evidenced-based studies on factors associated with adherence to crisis prevention are few. This study sought to explore how the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skill (IMB) model can provide understanding of underlying factors associated with adherence to crisis-preventive-practices behaviour among youths with sickle cell disease in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

This cross-sectional descriptive study employed a validated 43-item questionnaire to collect information from 84 participants who consented about crisis-risk prevention. Variables in the study were information, motivation, self-efficacy and adherence behaviour and measured on a 10-, 36-, 15- and 21- point scale respectively. Correlation and regression analysis was used to test for association, significance and prediction of best pathway to adherence with a cut-off at p≤0.05 level of significance.

The Mean Age of the participants was 20.07(0.69) ± 6.28 with 40.5% males and 59.5 % females. Majority were Yoruba and single with minimum of secondary school education. The sample mean scores reported for knowledge about crisis-prevention in sickle cell disease was 7.93±1.22, motivation was 30.07 ± 4.67 and self-efficacy skills were 11.88 ±2.88. The Adherence behaviour mean score was 11.23 ±3.30 giving a behaviour prevalence rate of 53.5%. Motivation was significantly associated with self-efficacy skills and adherence behaviour, while information was not significantly associated with either. Self-efficacy skills were significantly correlated with adherence behaviour. Path-analysis showed that the combined motivation and self-efficacy adherence behaviour (r2=0.34).

Findings showed that an informed and motivated sickle cell youth with good self-efficacy skills will adhere better to the crisis prevention-practices. The study recommends that counselling that provides information should be motivational to build self-efficacy that promotes crisis-prevention behaviour.

Keywords: Sickle cell crisis, preventive-practices, Information, Motivation, Adherence behaviour, Self-efficacy skill. 

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