Cathepsin D as a Biomarker in Colon Cancer Patients
Abstract:
Colon cancer is
a relatively common life-threatening malignancy for both sexes. Cancer cells
are depicted by the upregulation of lysosomal proteases – cathepsin D. The study
aimed to determine human cathepsin D activity in the control group as well as
its role in metastasis and invasion of colon cancer. Enzymatic assay(manual)
was used to measure the activity of cathepsin D and catalase, other
parameters were measured using analytical kits provided by reputable companies. Carcinoembryonic antigen CEA has been determined as a
biomarker for colon cancer, patients were subdivided into two classes based on
carcinoembryonic antigen values: group 1, ≤5 ng/mL group 2 >5 ng/mL. The
results explained that the normal value of Cathepsin D for the control group
was (8.61±0.294 ngml) and the activity of the enzyme was not affected by
gender, age, smoking
and BMI. The results also
proved a highly significant increase in cathepsin D activity in the patient's group
(17.81±0. 652 ng/ml) compared to the control. A remarkable elevation in the action
of cathepsin D in colon cancer patients was associated with a positive
relationship with carcinoembryonic antigen levels. This
supports the application of cathepsin D as a marker of tumor occurrence as well
as evidence of tumor metastasis and invasion after treatment in colon cancer
patients.
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