Abstract:

Pearl millet, with its low glycaemic index, helps stabilize blood sugar levels, making it a potential dietary intervention for diabetic patients. This study investigated the interaction between a 60% pearl millet diet (PEMD) and gliclazide in diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced using the streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide model, with rats classified as diabetic if their fasting plasma glucose exceeded 250 mg/dL. The effects of gliclazide (1 mg/kg) were evaluated in combination with the optimized 60% pearl millet diet (PEMD60) in both single-dose (SD) and repeated-dose (MD) studies. The combination of gliclazide and PEMD60-MD resulted in a significant increase in blood glucose reduction compared to the single-dose treatment. Additionally, serum gliclazide levels, HbA1c, insulin levels, and pharmacokinetic parameters such as Cmax, t1/2, Tmax, and AUC were altered in the combination therapy, though some changes were not statistically significant. The interaction between gliclazide and pearl millet may be due to pharmacokinetic alterations, possibly involving metabolic interactions. These findings suggest that physicians should monitor patients on gliclazide who consume pearl millet to prevent potential hypoglycaemia and adjust gliclazide dosages as needed.

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