Abstract:

Periodontitis causes tissue destruction and tooth loss if untreated. Neutrophil CD64 (nCD64), a biomarker will help in the early and precise diagnosis of inflammation. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of neutrophil nCD64 as a diagnostic marker by looking at the expression levels of nCD64 in people with periodontitis. This study involved 12 participants comprising of 6 healthy controls and 6 of patients with periodontitis. nCD64 levels were measured on acquired blood samples using flow cytometry. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of nCD64 was compared between the two groups. When compared to healthy controls, patients with periodontitis had noticeably higher nCD64 MFI levels. In a patient, the greatest nCD64 MFI level was 861, whereas in a control, the lowest level was 19. Comorbid conditions like diabetes did not always correspond with elevated nCD64 levels, suggesting that periodontitis severity was the main factor affecting nCD64 expression. The current study suggests nCD64 as a useful biomarker for identifying periodontal inflammation, which helps with the timely and precise diagnosis of periodontitis. Future studies are necessary to corroborate these results using more extensive and heterogeneous groups.

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