A Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Scrotal Swellings among Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Abstract:
Scrotal swellings are a common clinical presentation
among adult males, and they arise from a variety of causes, like infections,
trauma, or tumours. This study aimed to examine the clinico-epidemiological
profile of adult patients presenting with scrotal swellings at a tertiary care
hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted over one year, involving 194
adult male patients admitted to the Department of General Surgery at Sree
Balaji Medical College Hospital. Comprehensive clinical examinations, high-resolution
ultrasonography, and, where applicable, surgical interventions were employed to
diagnose and treat the cases. The study found that the majority of scrotal
swellings were caused by hydrocele (29.4%), followed by orchitis (19.1%),
varicocele (14.9%), and spermatocele (13.4%). Surgical intervention was
necessary in 71% of the cases, with Jaboulay’s procedure being the most
commonly performed. Conservative management was applied in 29% of cases.
Postoperative complications were observed in 45.4% of the patients, with
scrotal edema being the most frequent complication. Age distribution indicated
that the majority of cases (31.4%) occurred in patients aged 39-48 years, with
the incidence decreasing in both younger and older age groups. In conclusion, scrotal
swellings in adult males present a diverse array of etiologies, with hydrocele
being the most prevalent. High-resolution ultrasonography plays a pivotal role
in early diagnosis and treatment, minimizing complications and improving
patient outcomes. Surgical intervention, when indicated, was effective, though
postoperative complications such as scrotal edema require careful management.
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