Abstract:

Orthodontic therapy plays a crucial role in the correction of malocclusions and the improvement of dental aesthetics. However, emerging evidence suggests that orthodontic appliances can significantly alter the composition and balance of the oral microbiota, leading to potential implications for oral health. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the changes in oral flora observed during orthodontic therapy and their impact on oral health outcomes. The oral microbiota is a complex ecosystem comprising various microbial species that interact in dynamic equilibrium with the host. Orthodontic appliances create an environment conducive to microbial colonization and proliferation, leading to shifts in microbial diversity and abundance. It can promote the overgrowth of cariogenic bacteria leading to an increased risk of dental caries and enamel demineralization. Additionally, changes in the oral microbiota composition can cause gingival inflammation, periodontal disease, and other oral complications during orthodontic treatment. Understanding the dynamics of oral flora changes during orthodontic therapy is essential for implementing effective preventive strategies and personalized oral care regimens. Incorporating measures to mitigate dysbiosis, such as improved oral hygiene practices, antimicrobial therapy, and dietary modifications, may help minimize the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment on oral health.

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