Prevalence of HIV among Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Cases at the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Training Centre Zaria
Abstract:
While multi-drug
resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a threat to the global fight for the
elimination of Tuberculosis (TB), HIV coinfection with MDR-TB makes TB
management even worse. Previous studies have reported poorer outcomes and
staggering high mortality rates among persons coinfected with HIV and MDR-TB. This
coinfection is said to be the leading cause of many MDR-TB-related outbreaks. However,
there has been a great decline in the mortality rates reported due to the treatment
of HIV with antiretroviral drugs and anti-TB drugs for MDR-TB. Coinfection of
HIV and MDR-TB has high prevalence rates in certain regions of the world,
including Nigeria. This study assessed the prevalence of HIV among drug-resistant
TB patients attending the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Training Centre (NTBLTC),
Saye, to contribute to knowledge and data repository which is limited in this
area. This cross-sectional study involved 135 GeneXpert MTB/RIF-screened
patients. Blood samples for HIV testing were collected from patients who
consented while sputum samples collected were analysed by GeneXpert MTB/RIF and
Molecular Line Probe Assay. The results of this study showed an overall HIV
prevalence rate of 35.6% (p<0.05) among GeneXPert MTB/RIF-positive confirmed
TB subjects.HIV incidence rates among different drug-resistant groups were as
follows; mono-resistant TB 19(14.1%), MDR-TB 16(11.9%) and Poly-resistance was determined
to be 2 (1.5%) respectively.
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