Assessment of Infection Prevention and Control Programs in Some Health Facilities in Cameroon using the World Health Organization Assessment Framework
Abstract:
Healthcare associated
infections (HCAI) remain a global` problem, affecting millions of people
worldwide and accounting for prolonged hospitalization and increased financial
burden. Establishing infection prevention and control (IPC) programs is
effective in reducing the incidence of HCAI, but the status of IPC programs is
not well documented in Cameroon. We assessed the core components of IPC
programs with a focus on HCAI surveillance in some health facilities using the
WHO assessment framework (IPCAF). We carried out a cross-sectional study from
October 2019 to January 2021. Health facilities were chosen purposefully.
Trained data collectors traveled to health facilities and administered the
IPCAF questionnaire to authorities of health facilities. All eight components
of an IPC program were assessed. Data collected was analyzed using Statistic
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 27.0) software. Altogether 65 health
facilities were assessed, 81.5% of which were public facilities. The median
IPCAF score from the health facilities was 275 (Range: 112.5- 595) on a scale
of 800, with most (86%) of them having either an inadequate (29%) or a basic
(57%) IPC status. None of the health facilities attained the advanced IPC
status. HCAI surveillance was the weakest of the eight IPC core components.
Most (89.2%) of the health facilities did not include HCAI surveillance in
their IPC programs. There is therefore need to strengthen IPC programs in
health facilities in Cameroon, with a focus on the surveillance of HCAIs, which
was the weakest core component.
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