The Prevalence and Determinants of Anaemia among Clients of the AIDS Support Organisation-Entebbe, Uganda
Abstract:
Anaemia, a common hematological disorder in HIV infection,
compromises the quality of life and treatment outcomes. At The AIDS Support Organisation
(TASO), Entebbe, the records for the 2016-2018 period show a 10% prevalence of anaemia
which is lower than that in literature where it is said to be up to 95%. This study
determined the prevalence, type, severity, and determinants of anaemia among people
living with HIV and AIDS who receive care from TASO Entebbe in Uganda. A questionnaire
was used to collect data from 624 TASO clients. A checklist identified the clients’
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) combination and viral load. The selected clients’ Body
Mass Index (BMI) was calculated to assess their nutritional status. A Fully Automated
Humacount 60TS Three-Part Hematology Analyzer was used to measure hemoglobin and
to do a full blood count. A blood film from each sample was manually examined for
the type of anaemia. Data analysis was done with Stata MP 15. The prevalence of
anaemia was 44.4%, and the anaemia was mostly mild (54.15%) to moderate (40.80%).
Anaemia of inflammation was the commonest type (>58%). Gender, viral suppression,
nutritional status, nutritional education, marital and economic status were significantly
associated with the anaemia. Duration on ART had a protective effect, but this was
not statistically significant. The prevalence of anaemia
(44.4%) among the TASO-Entebbe Uganda clients was high, but the anaemia was mostly
mild to moderate (>94%) and of inflammation type (>58%). Management of anaemia
in HIV requires intentional screening since it compromises treatment outcomes.
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