Abstract:

Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem, with a global prevalence of 41.8%. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Information on the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women in the study area is limited. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and predictors of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics (ANC) in Kyenjojo and Kole Districts, Uganda. Cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected pregnant women. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire that captured demographic and obstetric characteristics. Haemoglobin concentration (Hb) was determined using HemoCue 201_+. The study outcome was the prevalence of anaemia (Hb <11 g/dl). Chi-square, odds ratio, and logistic regression were used to test for associations. Of the total 760 pregnant women who participated in this study, 20.1% were anaemic. The prevalence varied from 13.4% in Kyenjojo to 26.9% in Kole District. Of 153 anaemic women, 121 (97%) were mildly anaemic, 27 (18%) moderately anemic, and 5(3%) severely anemic. Malaria infection [AOR: 0.46, 95% CI (0.26 – 0.83)], primigravida [AOR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.93], and residing in Kole [AOR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32-0.76] were significant predictors of low haemoglobin concentration. This study highlighted the high prevalence of anaemia in our settings and the significant association between anaemia and malaria among pregnant women. Therefore, routine screening of pregnant women for anemia, malaria, and other risk factors during their first ANC visit is recommended to identify those at risk and prompt management provided to curb their negative consequences.

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