Effectiveness of Peer and Parent-led Intervention to Improve the Perception of In-School Adolescents towards HIV Prevention
Abstract:
Background:
Adolescents represent a growing share of people living with HIV worldwide. The number of adolescents dying from HIV related illnesses
is estimated to have tripled over the last two decades. AIDS is the leading cause of death among adolescents in Africa with 85% of
them living in developing countries. Ogun state has a prevalence of 1.6%, the highest
in the south-west. Developing an optimistic perception of HIV/AIDS toward
sexual health or HIV/AIDS preventive measures could produce tangible desirable behaviour
changes in HIV-risk behaviours.
Objective: The objective of the study was to
assess the effectiveness of peer and parent-led intervention to improve the perception
of in-school adolescents towards HIV prevention in Ogun state Nigeria based on the
Health Belief Model (HBM). The study population were selected in-school adolescents.
Methods:
The study utilized a quasi-experimental design. A
validated 22-Itemed Questionnaire measured on a 66-point rating scale was used for
data collection. The multistage sampling technique was used in selecting
participants.
Results:
The mean age of adolescents was 14.90±1.836. The majority of the respondents had
a moderate level of perception. The educational intervention effected a change in
the level of perception of the adolescents between baseline and 8-weeks follow-up
indicating a mean difference of 7.891 (p<0.01) for the peer-led, 16.618 (p<0.01)
parent-led, 13.982 (p<0.01) peer and parent-led and a reduction in mean in the
control group (-0.545; p<0.01).
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the parent-led intervention had a higher impact on adolescents’ perception
compared to the other intervention. This is an indication that parent-child communication
should be reinforced through further interventions.
Keywords: HIV, Adolescents, Perception, Peer-led, Parent-led, Education intervention, Health Belief Model.
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