Abstract:

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. Overweight, obesity, and hypertension are the top modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy eating, and stress in the banking industry predispose employees to overweight, obesity, and hypertension.

The study was a cross-sectional survey of 52 employees of a bank in Birnin Kebbi, North-East Nigeria that participated in a healthy lifestyle program. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of overweight, obesity, and hypertension in bank employees. The data was collected using an interview schedule, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements and analyzed with statistical package for social sciences.

The participants aged 26 to 59 years, 65.4% were youth, 34.6% middle-aged, 94.2% men, and 5.8% women. Senior staffs constituted 53.8%, junior 38.5%, and executive 7.7%. The mean weight was 77.99 ± 12.4kg, height 1.72 ± 0.07m, Body Mass Index 26.38 ± 3.93Kg/m2, systolic blood pressure 122 ± 21mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure 76 ± 14mmHg. The prevalence of overweight was 50%, obesity 15.4%, and hypertension 28.8%. Gender was significantly associated with overweight (p .037). The relationship between obesity and hypertension was not statistically significant (p 0.056).

Lifestyle modification in form of regular exercise and healthy eating would reduce overweight, obesity, and hypertension as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the banking industry. There is the need to establish workplace gymnasium and to increase public health awareness on healthy eating and regular exercise.

Keyword: Prevalence, Determinants, Overweight, Obesity, Hypertension, Bank.

References:

[1].   Adeloye, D., Basquill, C., Aderemi, A.V., Thompson, J.Y. and Obi, F.A., (2015). An estimate of the prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Hypertension, 33(2), pp.230-242.

[2].   Chukwuonye, I.I., Chuku, A., John, C., Ohagwu, K.A., Imoh, M.E., Isa, S.E., Ogah, O.S. and Oviasu, E., (2013). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult Nigerians–a systematic review. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 6, p.43.

[3].   Diwe, K.C., Enwere, O.O., Uwakwe, K.A., Duru, C.B. and Chineke, H.N., (2015). Prevalence and awareness of hypertension and associated risk factors among bank workers in Owerri, Nigeria. International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, 4(3), pp.142-148.

[4].   Erem, C., (2015). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Turkey. IJC Metabolic & Endocrine, 8, pp.38-41.

[5].   Fikadu, G. and Lemma, S., (2016). Socioeconomic status and hypertension among teachers and bankers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. International Journal of Hypertension, 2016. 4143962-4143962.

[6].   Ismail, I.M., Kulkarni, A.G., Kamble, S.V., Borker, S.A., Rekha, R. and Amruth, M., (2013). Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among bank employees of Sullia Taluk, Karnataka. Sahel Medical Journal, 16(4), p.139.

[7].   Moges, B., Amare, B., Fantahun, B. and Kassu, A., (2014). High prevalence of overweight, obesity, and hypertension with increased risk to cardiovascular disorders among adults in northwest Ethiopia: a cross sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 14(1), p.155.

[8].   Salaudeen, A.G., Musa, O.I., Babatunde, O.A., Atoyebi, O.A., Durowade, K.A. and Omokanye, L.O., (2014). Knowledge and prevalence of risk factors for arterial hypertension and blood pressure pattern among bankers and traffic wardens in Ilorin, Nigeria. African Health Sciences, 14(3), pp.593-599.

[9].   Sulaiman, N., Elbadawi, S., Hussein, A., Abusnana, S., Madani, A., Mairghani, M., Alawadi, F., Sulaiman, A., Zimmet, P., Huse, O. and Shaw, J., (2017). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in United Arab Emirates Expatriates: the UAE National Diabetes and Lifestyle Study. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 9(1), p.88.

[10].  WHO, (2019a). Mean Body Mass Index (BMI). Available at:

http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/bmi_text/en/, (accessed: 28/06/2019).

[11].  WHO, (2019b). Raised blood pressure, situations and trends. Available at:

http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/blood_pressure_prevalence_text/en/, (accessed: 28/06/2019).

[12].  Yang, L. and Colditz, G.A., (2015). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 2007-2012. JAMA internal medicine, 175(8), pp.1412-1413.

[13].  Young, D.R., Fischer, H., Arterburn, D., Bessesen, D., Cromwell, L., Daley, M.F., Desai, J., Ferrara, A., Fitzpatrick, S.L., Horberg, M.A. and Koebnick, C., (2018). Associations of overweight/obesity and socioeconomic status with hypertension prevalence across racial and ethnic groups. The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, 20(3), pp.532-540.