Abstract:

The inception of the whole cell pertussis vaccine wP saw global reduction in reported cases, mortality and morbidity burden to the disease. But, in the late 90s, wP was replaced with acellular pertussis vaccine (aP) in most countries due to safety reasons. In recent years however, the annual reported cases of pertussis globally have increase greatly even among highly vaccinated groups, ¹; ². This nurtures concerns about the level of protection aP bestows on the vaccinated individuals, ². The aim of this current mini review is therefore to assess some recent reports and developments on the matter, evaluate how alarming the situation is by comparing the present to the past and the recommendations for roadmap into the future.

Methodology: Boolean search was carried out on popular sites like PubMed and Google on publications and reviews on the topic.

Results: Some researchers have attributed the recent surge in reported pertussis cases and deaths to reasons like waning of vaccine induced immunity, inefficacy, resistant strain development and mutated forms in the pathogenic bacteria.

Conclusion: For a successful control and eradication of the pertussis disease, new strategies needed to be implemented to factor in the estimated waning effect; 27% / year of 4 years in total reduction in efficacy. Multicomponent aP vaccine (n˃3) has also been reported to be as effective as the wP vaccine hence modification of the current aP vaccine or re-visiting of wP is can also be considered.

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