Abstract:

Introduction: The advent of antiretroviral therapy has turned Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection into a manageable chronic condition. Maintaining ART adherence above 95% remains the benchmark for effective viral suppression. An evaluation of adherence to ART by pill count at Rimuka Integrated HIV and TB site revealed an adherence rate of 65%. We investigated factors associated with ART adherence among clients seeking care at the same facility.

Method: This study design was a cross sectional study. A pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. We captured and analysed the data using Epi Info 7^TM statistical package. The package was used to generate, frequencies, means, and odds ratios. The strength of the association was described using odds ratios and 95% confidence interval.

Results: We recruited 553 respondents. Three hundred and ninety-seven (71.79%) were females. and 156 (28.21%) were males. Eighty eight percent of the respondents had adherence rate above 95% by a composite measure. The proportion of clients taking drug holidays was low at 3.7%. In multivariate analysis, being gainfully employed aOR=1.8; getting individual health education on review visits aOR=1.5; missing ART in 4 weeks preceding the study aOR= 0.46 and being catholic aOR=0.5 remained significant factors in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: Being gainfully employed, getting individual health education are predicators of ART adherence using a composite scale. Being catholic and reporting missing any dose of ART in the previous 4 weeks were predictors of non-adherence using a composite scale. Individual health education and increasing incomes among those on ART was recommended for improved adherence.

Keywords: Adherence, ART, HIV, Kadoma.

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