Abstract:

Tracheostomy as a medical procedure is carried out to help secure airway of patients with respiratory challenge. It is not without adverse effect. When tracheostomy stays for a long time there is usually an inherent discomfort which the nurse as a care giver will help to alleviate. This study was designed to explore the knowledge and practice of tracheostomy care for the patients.

The study was conducted at Fedral Medical Centre, Umuahia, Abia State of Nigeria. The hospital is the major tertiary institution that serve the communities around as well as far away neighboring states.. This study was conducted among the nurses who work in this institution. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with quantitative methods of data collection.

Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. Descriptive statistics were presented in frequency distribution tables. The t-test was used to determine associations between nurse in two major wards used as regarding knowledge if indication of tracheostomy and factors that influence outcome of care. Statistical significance was determined using a cut off value of 0.05

The results study showed that 80% respondents most favoured failed intubation as indication 82.5% were of the opinion that effective mobilization of secretion is the major area of scope in management of tracheostomy. Change in respiration as an indication for initiating suctioning to clear the patient’s airway rather had low score which calls for in assessing the learning needs of the nurses. Their knowledge associated with proper techniques of suctioning is also a source of concern (21%). The nurses have high opinion about clinical outcome of tracheostomy (above 66%). The result also showed that there is significant difference between the ICU and surgical ward staff knowledge of indication for tracheostomy (. T-tab was 1.6 while t-cal was 5.04 at p-level of 0.05. the result showed a high value of t-cal of 5.04). Also, the result showed the values of mean and standard deviation which were collated and computed using t-test as; T-tab was 1.6 while t-cal was3.69 at p-level of 0.05. The result showed a high value of t-cal of 5.04 showing significant difference between the Icu and surgical ward staff knowledge of care.

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