Role of Computed Tomography in Acute Pancreatitis and its Complications among Age Groups
Abstract:
Acute pancreatitis
is the inflammation of the pancreatic parenchyma. It can vary from mild to
severe form with many simple to dangerous complications. Clinically patient
presents with severe abdominal pain in the epigastric region. Vomiting, fever
may be present. However it may present with various other types in complicated
cases. Ultrsound is not very much useful as the gland visualization is poor and
not in its complete entirety, due to its position and bowel gas shadows. CT is
the investigation of choice, which shows enlarged hypodense pancreatic
parenchyma. Fluid collection in the lesser sac and rertoperitoneum may be seen.
The occurrence of the disease is less common in children; more in alcoholics
and fatty females.
References:
[1.] Balthazar, E.,J., Freeny, P., C., Van, Sonnenberg, E (1994).
Imaging and Intervention in Acute Pancreatitis. Radiology, 193, 297-306.
[2.] Balthazara, E., J., Robinson, D., Megibow, A (1990).
Acute pancreatitis: Value of CT In Establishing Prognosis. Radiology, 174,
331-336.
[3.] Berger, H., G., Rau, B., Mayer, J., Pralle, U (1997).
Natural Course of Acute Pancreatitis. World J Surgery, 21, 130-5.
[4.] Corfield, A., P., Cooper, M., J., Williamson, R., C.,
N. Prediction Of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis: Prospective Comparison of
Three Prognostic Indices. Lancet, 2, 403-407.
[5.] Fan, S.,T., Choi, T.,K., Lai, E., C., Wong, J. (1988).
Acute Pancreatitis In Aged. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Surgery,
58, 717-21.
[6.] Gastano, D., L., H., Antolin, S., Salovnil., D., Pena,
D., Garcia, J., Romero, P (1997). Relationship Between The Presenting
Symptoms And Age In Diagnosis In Alcoholic And Non-Alcoholic Chronic
Pancreatitis. Rev Esp Enferm Dig, 89, 269-79.
[7.] Jeffery, R., B., Jr. Sonography in Acute Pancreatitis
(1989). Radiologic Clinics of North America, 27, 5.
[8.] Jeffery, R., B., Jr., Laing, F., C., Wing, V., W (1986).
Extrapancreatic spread of acute pancreatitis: New observations with real-time
US. Radiology, 159, 707.
[9.] Lawson, T., L (1983). Acute Pancreatitis and
Its Complications: Computed Tomography and Sonography. Radiologic Clinics of
North America, 21, 495-513.
[10.] McMahoon, M., J., Playforth, M., J., Pickforth, I., R
(1980). A Comparative Study of Methods For The Prediction of Severity of
Attack of Acute Pancreatitis. BJS, 67, 22-25.
[11.] Mitchell, D. MR Imaging Of The Pancreas (1995).
MRI Clinics of North America, 3, 51-71.
[12.] Mortele, K.,J., Mergo, P., J, Taylor, H., M, Ernst,
M.,D., Ros, P., R (2000). Renal And Perirenal Space Involvement in Acute
Pancreatitis: Spiral CT Findings. Abdominal Imaging, 25, 272-8.
[13.] Mortele K., J., Mergo, P., J., Taylor, H., M., Ernst,
M., D., Ros, P., R. Splenic and Perisplenic (2001). Involvement In Acute
Pancreatitis: Determination of Prevalence And Morphologic Helical CT Features.
Computer Assisted Tomography, (25), 50-54.
[14.] Ranson, J.,H.,C., Rifkind, K.,M., Rose, D.,F (1974).
Objective Early Identification of Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Am J
Gastroenterology, 61, 443-51.
[15.] Stear, M., L.. (1995). Recent Insights Into The
Etiology And Pathogenesis of Acute Biliary Pancreatits. AJR, 164, 811-14.
[16.] Tenner, S., Fernandez-del Castillo, C., Warshaw,
A(1997). Urinary Trypsinogen Activation Peptide (TAP) Predicts Severity in
Patients With Acute Pancreatitis. Int J Pancreatol 21, 105-10.
[17.] Tsushima, Y., Tamura, T., Tomioka, K., Okada, C.,
Kusano, S., Endo, K. (1999). Transient splenomegaly in acute pancreatitis. BJR,
72, 637-43.