Table of Contents - Issue
Recent articles
-
Open Label, Single Centre Study of Babao Relief Capsule as an Adjuvant to HAART in Antiretroviral Naive HIV PatientsAuthor: Brig Gen Lawson F. SimapukaDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art001Open Label, Single Centre Study of Babao Relief Capsule as an Adjuvant to HAART in Antiretroviral Naive HIV Patients
Abstract:
HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed 36.3 million [27.2–47.8 million] lives so far (WHO, 2021). Sub-Sahara Africa remains the far worst affected region, with 20.6 million [16.8 million– 24.4 million] people living with HIV at the end of 2010, compared to 24.4 (22.5-27.3 million) in 2020. Complementary and alternative therapy (CAM) has been used to treat HIV patients by clinicians in conventional health services in combination with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To determine efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used as an adjuvant to standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. The product is a biological Chinese medicinal preparation, made of herbs. Ingredients include ginseng, beer antler, musk, bezoar, fleeceflower, Chinese angelica, lyceum, pericarpium citri reticulatae, safflower and ophiopogn japonicus. Open Label Phase 1 bridging Clinical trial to study the efficacy of Babao relief capsule when used in combination standard HAART in antiretroviral naïve HIV patients. A total of one hundred and ninety-six (196) adult patients attending the HIV clinic were randomly selected. The interventional group was on Babao relief capsule and HAART while the control group was on HAART only. The study shows general efficacy of the standard HAART drugs. However, the interventional arm showed a significant increase in the CD4 cell count, showing that BRC had booster effects in the efficacy of HAART.
Keywords: HIV, Complementary and alternative therapy, Babao relief capsule, standard highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Open Label, Single Centre Study of Babao Relief Capsule as an Adjuvant to HAART in Antiretroviral Naive HIV Patients
References:
[1] World Health Organization, UNAIDS (2021). Retried from http://www.unaids.org.
[2] Ministry of Health (1999), “HIV/AIDS in Zambia: Background, Projections, Impact, Interventions.
[3] Poverty Analysis Zambia (2018). Retrieved from https://cdn.sida.se/app/uploads/2021/08/24151354/Multidimensional-Poverty-Analysis-Zambia-2018.pdf.
[4] Ni, H., Simile, C., & Hardy, A. M. (2002). Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine by United States adults: results from the 1999 national health interview survey. Medical Care, 40, 353-358.
[5] Wiwanitkit, V. (2003). The use of CAM by HIV-positive patients in Thailand.Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 11, 39-41.
[6] Liu JP, Manheimer E, Yang M. (2005). Herb-al medicines for treating HIV infection and AIDS. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews;(3): Art. No.: CD003937. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003937.pub2.
[7] Muller A, Kanfer I. (2011) Potential pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretrovirals and medicinal plants used as complementary and African traditional medicines. Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition;32(8):458-70.
[8] Mills, E., Montori, V., Perri, D., Phillips, E., & Koren, G. (2005). Natural health product-HIV drug interactions: a systematic review. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 16, 181-186.
[9] Felise B. Milan, Julia H. Arnsten, Robert S. Klein, Ellie E. Schoenbaum, Galina Moskaleva, Donna Buono, and Mayris P. Webber. (2010). Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Inner-City Persons with or at Risk for HIV Infection. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2007.0159.
[10] Moffett H, Sanders P, and Sinclair T, Ergil K (1994): Using acupuncture and herbs for the treatment of HIV infection. AIDS Patient care; 8(4): 194-9.
[11] Ozsoy M, Ernst E (1990): How effective are complimentary therapies for HIV and AIDS? A systematic review. Int J STD AIDS; 10(10): 629-35.
[12] Shlay J., Chaloner. K, Mitchell. B. (1998). Acupuncture and Amitriptyline for Pain Due to HIV-Related Peripheral Neuropathy. A Randomized Controlled Trial. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/188146.
[13] Smith M O (1988): AIDS: results of Chinese treatment show frequent symptom relief and some apparent long-term remissions. AM J Acupunct; 16(2): 20
[14] Su C (1991) (AIDS Trial Treatment Group, China Academy of TCM): Trial treatment of AIDS by TCM – A clinical report of 30 cases. J Chin Med (37): 17-20.
[15] Wiwanitkt, V. (2003). The use of CAM by HIV-Positive patients in Thailand. Complementary therapies in Medicine, 11, 39-41.
[16] Lohse. H Hansen. A, Pedersen. G, Kronborg. G, Gerstoft. J, Sørensen. T, Vaeth. M, Obel. N. (2007). Survival of persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark, 1995-2005. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-146-2-200701160-00003.
[17] WHO (2019). Dolutegravir (DTG) and the fixed dose combination of tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD). Briefing Note.
[18] Min S, Song I, Borland J, Chen S, Lou Y, Fujiwara T, Piscitelli SC (2009): Pharmacokinetics and safety of S/GSK1349572, a next-generation HIV integrase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Jan;54(1):254-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00842-09.
[19] Katlama C, Murphy R (2012): Dolutegravir for the treatment of HIV. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2012 Apr;21(4):523-30. doi: 10.1517/13543784.2012.661713.
[20] Hare S, Smith SJ, Metifiot M, Jaxa-Chamiec A, Pommier Y, Hughes SH, Cherepanov P (2011): Structural and functional analyses of the second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572). Mol Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;80(4):565-72. doi: 10.1124/mol.111.073189.
[21] World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY- NC-SA 3.0 IGO World Health Organization.
Viewed PDF 422 15 -
Analysis of Health System for Health Security: Case of BurundiAuthor: Ntampera Jean MarieDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art002Analysis of Health System for Health Security: Case of Burundi
Abstract:
Health system contributing to health security constituting an approach that harmoniously brings together efforts to strengthen the resources and capacities necessary for the implementation of the International Health Regulations, the components of health systems and those of other sectors for effective management of health emergencies, while maintaining the continuity of essential health services. The countries that have a weak health system face many challenges related to health security. A descriptive study was used during this study to identify if Burundi health system is contributing to the health security. 5health zones have been selected and 350 individuals questioned if they have received health education related to diseases with epidemic potential and if they have suffered from them. A questionnaire which includes the diseases with epidemic potential was distributed to 350 respondents between 20 to 55 years old. The majority (58%) of the respondents were female compared to 42% male. Most (93.0 %) respondents have received health education related to prevention of diseases with epidemic potential. The result shows significant differences in location, gender, marital status, occupation, and several outbreaks (P<0.001). The future research should focus on the re-organization of health systems to respond effectively to different heath threats, especially these can spread locally and globally. Identification of all these issues that can spread to neighbors, and which can cause high morbidity and mortality. of the country, the gaps, and priorities and to know where to convey the efforts for universal health coverage.Keywords: Burundi, Epidemic potential, Health system, health security, prevention.Analysis of Health System for Health Security: Case of Burundi
References:
[1] WHO, 2009, health systems contributing to health security [Online] [Quoted on May 28, 2022] https://www.who.int/en/emergencies/overview
[2] Emergencies. Global health emergencies [online]. World Health Organization; 2021 [Cited: May28, 2021. (https://www.who.int/emergencies/8.overview, accessed 28 May 2021).
[3] Lo S, Gaudin S, Corvalan C, Earle AJ, Hanssen O, Prüss-Ustun A, et al. The case for public financing of environmental common goods for health. Health System Reform. 9. 2019;5 (4):366–81.
[4] Global strategy on human resources for health: workforce 2030. Geneva: World Health Organization.
[5] Aceng JR, Ario AR, Muruta AN, Makumbi I, Nanyunja M, Komakech I, et al. Uganda’s experience in Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness, 2018–2019. Global Health. 2020;16(1):24.
[6] Emergencies. Global health emergencies [online]. World Health Organization; 2021[Cited: May 28, 2021. (https://www.who.int/emergencies/8.overview, accessed 28 May 2021).
[7] Stolka KB, Ngoyi BF, Grimes KEL, Hemingway-Foday JJ, Lubula L, Nzanzu Magazani A, et al. Assessing the surveillance system for priority zoonotic diseases in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Health Secur. 2018;16(S1): S44–S53.
[8] Hemingway-FodayJJ, NgoyiBF, Tunda C, Stolka KB, Grimes KEL, Lubula L, et al. Lessons learned from reinforcing epidemiologic surveillance during the 2017 Ebola outbreak in the Likati District, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Health Secur. 2020;18(S1): S81–S91.
[9] Ipe M, Raghu T, Vinze A. Information intermediaries for emergency preparedness and response: a case study from public health. Inf System Front. 2010;12: 67–79.
[10] Burundi's hierarchical health system structure, 2021(Cited https://fbpsanteburundi.bi/bdd072020/about/item/3.html).
[11] The World Bank (2020) from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SPDYN.LE00.IN?locations=BI, 2020, retrieved on july 20, 2022.
[12] Burundi mortality rate report, 2020, Burundi health state and tendency.1553.1 respectively in 2011, 2012,213 and 2014
[13] World Health Organization (2021); Countries retrieved from http://www.who.int/countries/en/, Accessed on July 25, 2021.
[14] DHIS2,2020, Ministry of Public Health and the Fight against AIDS; Situation analysis of the 2019-2023 Health Development Plan.
[15] Rapport de l’EDS B III (2016-2017), EDSB III 2016-2017 p13: access to CDS
[16] Ministry of Public Health and the Fight against AIDS; 2021, Mapping of human resources for health report, 2017.
[17] MSPLS/ ISTEEBU/INSP (2018), Sustainable prevention and control of iodine disorders in Burundi. Report of a National IDD Survey in women of reproductive age conducted in Burundi, February 2018.
[18] Finance Law 2012, 2013 and 2014 Currently Ministry of National Education and Research. According to the annual reports of the BRB, the
exchange rates between the Burundian Franc and the US Dollar were: 1261.1; 1442.5; 1542.0; 1553.1 respectively in 2011, 2012,213 and 2014.[19] According to the annual reports of the BRB, the exchange rates between the Burundian Franc and the US Dollar were: 1261.1; 1442.5; 1542.0; 1553.1 respectively in 2011, 2012,213 and 2014.
[20] Annual reports of the BRB, 2017, the exchange rates between the Burundian Franc and the American Dollar where: 1261.1; 1442.5; 1542.0; 1553.1 in 2011, 2012, 213 and 2014, respectively.
[21] Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Lutte contre le Sida ; Cartographie des ressources humaines pour la santé, 2017
[22] Analysis of the PNDS situation, 2018, report on human resources management, accessed January 12, 2022.
[23] Analysis of the PNDS situation, 2028, challenges on health sector development in Burundi, accessed on February 20, 2022.
Viewed PDF 549 16 -
The Relationship Between Exposure to Digital Sexual Violence and Mental Health Outcomes: Insights from Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth SurveyAuthor: Edson ChipaloDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art003The Relationship Between Exposure to Digital Sexual Violence and Mental Health Outcomes: Insights from Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth Survey
Abstract:
Digital sexual violence correlates with cyberbullying victimization, leading to the manifestation of psychological distress and diverse forms of suicidality such as thoughts, attempts, and self-harm. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and association between exposure to digital sexual violence and mental health outcomes (i.e., mental distress and suicide risk) for boys and girls aged 13 to 24 in Namibia. This cross-sectional study utilized national data from the 2019 Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (VACS) involving 5,191 participants, with 4,211 being girls and 980 boys. Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence estimates and significant association for bivariate, and two logistic regression models were applied to assess the significant association for multivariate. The prevalence results indicated that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with higher rates of moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys [64.5%] vs. girls [65.2%]) and increased lifetime risk of suicide (boys [27.4%] vs. girls [40.1%]). Similarly, regression results showed that exposure to digital sexual violence was associated with a higher likelihood of reporting moderate/severe mental distress in the past 30 days (boys: 95% CI = 4.67-22.09; girls: 95% CI =2.75-4.88) and a lifetime risk of suicide (boys: 95% CI =2.16-10.63; girls: 95% CI = 2.68-4.75). In order to reduce mental distress and suicide risk behaviors, interventions should include implementing a safer online environment through digital literacy programs, reducing stigma, offering mental health counseling services, and establishing crisis hotlines for victims of digital sexual violence in Namibia.
Keywords: Boys, Digital sexual violence, Exposure, Girls, Mental distress, Namibia, Suicide risk.
The Relationship Between Exposure to Digital Sexual Violence and Mental Health Outcomes: Insights from Namibia Violence Against Children and Youth Survey
References:
[1] Dlamini, R. and F. Nkambule, Information and Communication Technologies' Pedagogical Affordances in Education. 2020.
[2] Venditto, B., B. Set, and R.N. Amaambo, Sexualization and dehumanization of women by social media users in Namibia. Sexes, 2022. 3(3): p. 445-462.
[3] Zviyita, I. and A. Mare, Same threats, different platforms? Female journalists’ experiences of online gender-based violence in selected newsrooms in Namibia. Journalism, 2023: p. 14648849231183815.
[4] Rita, M.N. and F.B. Shava. Chatbot driven web-based platform for online safety and sexual exploitation awareness and reporting in Namibia. in 2021 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Computing and Data Communication Systems (icABCD). 2021. IEEE.
[5] End Violence Against Children. Protecting Children in Nambia from Online.
[6] Sexual Exploitation and Abuse: The Way Forward. 2023 [cited 2023 October 4th, 2023]; Available from: https://www.end-violence.org/sites/default/files/paragraphs/download/DH_Namibia_advocacy.
[7] Henry, N. and A. Powell, Technology-facilitated sexual violence: A literature review of empirical research. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 2018. 19(2): p. 195-208.
[8] Cooper, K., et al., Adolescents and self-taken sexual images: A review of the literature. Computers in human behavior, 2016. 55: p. 706-716.
[9] Hong, S., et al., Digital sextortion: Internet predators and pediatric interventions. Current opinion in pediatrics, 2020. 32(1): p. 192-197.
[10] Medrano, J.L.J., F. Lopez Rosales, and M. Gámez-Guadix, Assessing the links of sexting, cybervictimization, depression, and suicidal ideation among university students. Archives of Suicide Research, 2018. 22(1): p. 153-164.
[11] Wachs, S., et al., How are consensual, non-consensual, and pressured sexting linked to depression and self-harm? The moderating effects of demographic variables. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021. 18(5): p. 2597.
[12] Jonsson, L.S., et al., Online sexual abuse of adolescents by a perpetrator met online: a cross-sectional study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2019. 13(1): p. 1-10.
[13] Say, G.N., et al., Abuse characteristics and psychiatric consequences associated with online sexual abuse. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2015. 18(6): p. 333-336.
[14] Srivastava, A., et al., Digital sexual violence and suicide risk in a national sample of sexual minority adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2023. 38(3-4): p. 4443-4458.
[15] Joleby, M., et al., Experiences and psychological health among children exposed to online child sexual
abuse–a mixed methods study of court verdicts. Psychology, Crime & Law, 2021. 27(2): p. 159-181.[16] Nicolla, S. and A.J. Lazard, Social media communication about sexual violence may backfire online experiment with young men. Journal of Health Communication, 2023. 28(1): p. 28-37.
[17] Kessler, R.C., et al., short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychological medicine, 2002. 32(6): p. 959-976.
[18] Prochaska, J.J., et al., Validity study of the K6 scale as a measure of moderate mental distress based on mental health treatment need and utilization. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2012. 21(2): p. 88-97.
[19] Hendrick, M.T., Depression’s Connection to Self-Harming Behavior in Adolescents. 2016.
[20] Doyle, C., E. Douglas, and G. O'Reilly, The outcomes of sexting for children and adolescents: A systematic review of literature. Journal of Adolescence, 2021. 92: p. 86-113.
[21] Yar, M., The policing of Internet sex offences: pluralised governance versus hierarchies of standing. Policing and Society, 2013. 23(4): p. 482-497.
[22] Bucci, S., et al., A digital intervention to improve mental health and interpersonal resilience in young people who have experienced technology-assisted sexual abuse: protocol for a nonrandomized feasibility clinical trial and nested qualitative study. JMIR Research Protocols, 2023. 12(1): p. e40539.
[23] Kanel, K., A guide to crisis intervention. 2019: Cengage Learning.
[24] Bostwick, J.M., et al., Suicide attempt as a risk factor for completed suicide: even more lethal than we knew. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2016. 173(11): p. 1094-1100.
Viewed PDF 2920 94 -
Statistical Investigation of the Standard Height of Occlusal Rim Blocks among Patients Attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, UgandaAuthor: David NonoDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art004
Statistical Investigation of the Standard Height of Occlusal Rim Blocks among Patients Attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
Abstract:
Edentulous patients desire to reinstate oral function and aesthetics in the most comfortable state and to regain their self-esteem. Due to racial anatomic differences, there is a need to ascertain the standard height of Occlusal Rim Blocks (ORBs) for edentulous patients in Uganda. This study was aimed at statistical investigation of the standard height of ORBs among patients attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study that comprised 240 pairs of wax ORBs requested by clinicians for patients in need of complete dentures. Consecutive sampling was used to select the ORBs. The height of the anterior and posterior portions of the maxillary and mandibular ORBs were recorded using a pair of pliers and a flexible ruler, and data were entered into Excel and exported into STATA software version 15 for analysis. The mean height for the anterior portion of maxillary ORBs was 19.4 mm and for the posterior, 17.4 mm after adjustment while the mean height for the mandibular counterparts was 16.4 mm and 16.0 mm, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean height of ORB before and after adjustments and between the newly established and internationally accepted standard height of ORB. There was no significant sex difference in the mean height of ORBs. Overall, the mean height of ORBs for the Ugandan population was significantly shorter than the internationally accepted standard height.Keywords: Bite registration, Complete denture, Dental hospital, Edentulous patients, Height, Occlusal rim blocks.Statistical Investigation of the Standard Height of Occlusal Rim Blocks among Patients Attending Makerere University Dental Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
References:
[2] Al-Rafee, M. A. (2020). The epidemiology of edentulism and the associated factors. A literature Review. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(4), 1841.
[4] World Health Organisation (2022). Oral-health-Uganda country profile.WHO/UCN/NCD/MND/UGA/2022.1-Who 2022. Accessed on 5th November 2023.
[5] Prakash, P., Singh, K., Bahri, R., & Bhandari, S. (2020). Utility versus futility of facebow in the fabrication of complete dentures: A systematic review. The Journal of the Indian Prosthodontic Society, 20(3), 237.
[6] Neto, A. F., Junior, W. M., & Carreiro, A. D. F. P. (2010). Masticatory efficiency in denture wearers with bilateral balanced occlusion and canine guidance. Brazillian Dental Journal, 21(2), 165-169.
[7] Marashdeh, M. (2016). The Height of Occlusal Registration Blocks before and After Jaw Registration: A Comparative Study. Journal of Dentistry and Oral Biology, 1 (1), 1004.
[8] McGrane, H. (1949). Five basic principles of the McGrane full denture procedure. The Journal of the Florida State Dental Society, 20(11), 5-8.
[9] Yanikoglu, N. D., Guldag, M., & Duymus, Z. Y. (2005). Determination of the occlusal vertical dimension: use of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth measurement in edentate subjects. European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, 13(2), 75-77.
[11] Ellinger, C. W. (1968). Radiographic study of oral structures and their relation to anterior tooth position. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 19(1), 36-45.
[12] Ellinger, C. W. (1975). Synopsis of complete dentures: C & J,122 Feering Hill, Feering, Colchester, England, C059PY.
[13] Johnson, A., & Winstanley, R. (1997). The height of occlusal registration blocks before and after jaw registration. Journal of Dentistry, 25(3-4), 351-352.
[14] Johnson, A., Winstanley, R., & Wildgoose, D. (2003). The dimensions of occlusal registration blocks. Quintessence Journal of Dental Technology, 1, 44-49.
[15] More, P., Tewary, S., Sanyal, P., Gosavi, S., Gosavi, S., & Pawashe, K. (2015). Determination of record rim height for complete removable dental prosthesis by assessment of anatomical landmarks in dentulous Indian population. International Journal of Ophthalmology and Clinical Research, 3(2), 25.
[16] Driscoll, C. F., & Golden, W. G. (2020). Treating the complete denture patient: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
[17] Uganda Ministry of Health (2007). National Oral Health Policy: Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
[18] Rahn, A. O., Ivanhoe, J. R., & Plummer, K. D. (2009). Textbook of complete dentures: PMPH-USA.
[19] Johnson, T., Patrick, D. G., Stokes, C. W., Wildgoose, D. G., & Wood, D. J. (2015). Basics of dental technology: a step by step approach: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
[20] Wood, D. J. (2012). Techniques in complete denture technology: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom.
[21] World Medical Association (2013). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association,310 (20):2191–4.
[22] Bekiroglu, N., Çiftçi, A., Bayraktar, K., Yavuz, A., & Kargul, B. (2012). Oral complaints of denture-wearing elderly people living in two nursing homes in Istanbul, Turkey. Oral Health and Dental Management, 11(3), 107-115.
[23] Kutesa, A., Mwanika, A., & Wandera, M. (2005). Pattern of dental caries in Mulago Dental School clinic, Uganda. African Health Sciences, 5(1), 65-68.
[24] Miranda, B. B., Dos Santos, M. B. F., & Marchini, L. (2014). Patients’ perceptions of benefits and risks of complete denture therapy. Journal of Prosthodontics, 23(7), 515-520.
[25] Kršek, H., & Dulčić, N. (2015). Functional impressions in complete denture and overdenture
treatment. Acta stomatologica Croatica: International Journal of Oral Sciences and Dental Medicine, 49(1), 45-53.[26] Oweis, Y., Ereifej, N., Al-Asmar, A., & Nedal, A. (2022). Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction with Complete Dentures. International Journal of Dentistry, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9565320 Accessed on 5th November 2023
[27] Bishop, M., & Johnson, T. (2015). Complete dentures: designing occlusal registration blocks to save clinical time and improve accuracy. Dental Update, 42(3), 275-281.
[28] Nallaswamy, D. (2017). Textbook of prosthodontics: First edition, reprint 2009, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, United Kingdom.
[29] Zarb, G. A., Bolender, C. L., Eckert, S., Jacob, R., Fenton, A., & Mericske-Stern, R. (2004). Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients. Complete dentures and implant-supported prostheses. 12th. edition. St. Louis: Mosby, United States of America.
[30] Winkler, S. (1979). Essentials of complete denture prosthodontics. 2nd Edition; page. 123-41. All India Traveller Book Seller. Publishers 2009, New Delhi, India.
[31] Rangarajan, V., & Padmanabhan, T. (2017). Textbook of Prosthodontics-E Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, Reed Elsevier India Private Limited, India.
Viewed PDF 800 23 -
Management of Public Sector Employee Engagement During the COVID-19 Era: Implications for Policies, Practices and Training NeedsAuthor: Grace Eleojo AbalakaDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art005Management of Public Sector Employee Engagement During the COVID-19 Era: Implications for Policies, Practices and Training Needs
Abstract:
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019/2020, employees worldwide started the working from home (WFH) job pattern which required public sector organizational leaders to deal with problems arising from management of remote working staffs that were overwhelmed with trying to place a dividing line between their jobs and place of residence alongside learning new skills. This study is a descriptive, analytical, and explanatory cross-sectional survey utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data to determine the policies and processes that existed in State public sector organizations for the management of employees during an emergency such as COVID-19 that required remote working as well as their training requirements. Fifty-four public sector organizations participated in the study. Data collected from 54 in-depth interviews of organizational heads and questionnaire administered to 50 human resource managers revealed that availability of WFH policies and guidelines is significantly associated with self-confidence to engage employees remotely. Factors like availability of resources, ICT proficiency, flexibility, work-life balance, virtual platforms, and project management tools proficiencies influence effectiveness of engaging remote work in the public sector. This study revealed that 64% of public sector administrators require additional trainings for effective staff engagement. When organizational executives and HR managers successfully practice employee engagement, staff are enabled to create personal schedules that balance their jobs and lifestyle in the novel post-COVID-19 WFH realities. Such practices are likewise advantageous to organizations as staffs WFH would experience improved health and productivity thus lessening expenses associated with absenteeism and staff turnovers as well as augmenting corporate advancements.
Keywords: Employee Engagement, SHRM Policies, WFH, COVID-19.
Management of Public Sector Employee Engagement During the COVID-19 Era: Implications for Policies, Practices and Training Needs
References:
[1] Chen, Z. (2021). Influence of Working from Home During the COVID-19 Crisis and HR Practitioner Response. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(710517), 1-8. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.710517.
[2] Al-Mansour, J.F., & Al-Ajmi, S.A. (2020). Coronavirus ‘COVID-19’ – Supply Chain Disruption and Implications for Strategy, Economy, and Management. Journal of Asian Finance, Economies and Business: JAFEB, 7(9), 659-672. doi: 10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no9.659.
[3] Zou, P., Huo, D., & Li, M. (2020). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Firms: A Survey in Guangdong Province, China. Global Health Research and Policy, 5(41), 1-10. doi:10.1186/s41256-020-00166-z.
[4] Nutsubidze, N. & Schmidt, D.A. (2021). Rethinking the Role of HRM During COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Case of Kuwait. Review of Socio-Economic Perspectives, 6(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.19275/RSEP103.
[5] Desmond-Hellman, S. (2020, April 3). Preparing for the Next Pandemic. The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/preparing-for-the-next-pandemic-11585936915.
[6] Berman, E.M., Bowman, J.S., West, J.P., & Van Wart, M.R. (2016). Human Resource Management in Public Service: Paradoxes, Processes, and Problems. (4th ed). SAGE Publications Inc.
[7] Perlman, B.J. (2016). Human Resource Management at the Local Level: Strategic Thinking and Tactical Action. State & Local Government Review, 48(2), 114-120. doi: 10.1177/0160323X16659115.
[8] Chanana, N. & Sangeeta, (2021). Employee Engagement Practices During COVID-19 Lockdown. Journal of Public Affairs, 21(e2508), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2508.
[9] Chandani, A., Mehta, M., Mall, A., & Khokhar, V. (2016). Employee Engagement: A Review Paper on Factors Affecting Employee Engagement. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(15), 1-7. doi: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i15/92145.
[10] Kalyani, M.W. (2021). Influence of Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) On Conventional Human Resource Management Practices of an Organization: A Theory Base Reviewed. International Research Journal of Human Resource and Social Sciences, 8(05), 12-24.
[11] Pak, K., Kooij, D.T.A.M., De Lange, A.H. & Van Veldhoven, M.J.P.M. (2019). Human Resource Management and the Ability, Motivation and Opportunity to Continue Working: A Review of Quantitative Studies. Human Resource Management Review, 29(3), 336-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.07.002.
[12] Budhwar, P., Tung, R.L., Varma, a., & Do. H. (2017). Developments In Human Resource Management in MNCs from BRICS Nations: A Review and Future Research Agenda. Journal of International Management, 23, 111-123. doi: 10.1016/j.intman.2017.04.003.
[13] Dele, A.O., Ezekiel, A.O., & Alani, L.F. (2015). Strategic Human Resource Management and Organizational Climate in the Nigerian Banking Industry. American Journal of Environmental Policy and Management, 1(3), 38-50.
[14] Arachchige, B.J.H., & Robertson, A. (2016). The Effect of Human Resource Management High Performance Work Practices on Organisational Outcomes: A Sri Lankan Perspective. Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 17-30. doi: 10.4038/slijhrm.v5i1.5625.
[15] Trougakos, J.P., Chawla, N., & McCarthy, J.M. (2020). Working In a Pandemic: Exploring the Impact of COVID-19 Health Anxiety on Work, Family and Health Outcomes. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(11), 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000739.
[16] Gigauri, I. (2020). Influence of COVID-19 Crisis on Human Resource Management and Companies’ Response: The Expert Study. International Journal of Management Science and Business Administration, Inovatus Services Ltd, 6(6), 15-24. doi: 10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.66.1002.
[17] Caligiuri, P., De Cieri, H., Minbaeva, D., Verbeke, A., & Zimmermann, A. (2020). International HRM Insights for Navigating the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Future Research and Practice. Journal of International Business Studies, 51, 697-713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00335-9.
[18] E. Nurzaman, A.M., Affandi, A., Udobong, A., & Hernawan, S. (2020). Implementation of Human Resource Management in The Adaptation Period for New Habits. International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership, 1(1), 19-26. doi: 10.51629/ijeamal.v1i1.4.
[19] Knies, E., Boselie, P., Gould-Williams, J., & Vandenabeele, W. (2018). Strategic Human Resource Management and Public Sector Performance: Context Matters. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1407088.
[20] Vermeeren, B. (2014). HRM Implementation and Performance in The Public Sector [PhD Thesis, The Netherlands: Erasmus University Rotterdam]. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/50844.
[21] SHRM (2020). COVID-19 Research: How the Pandemic is Challenging and Changing Employers. Society for Human Resource Management. https://shrm.org/hr-today/trends-and-forecasting/research-and-surveys/Documents/SHRM%20CV19%20Research%20Presentation%20Release%202.pdf_ga=2.131106447.1483468940.1595299086-1744395606.1591677416.
[22] Schuster, C., Weitzman, L., Sass Mikkelsen, K., Meyer-Sahling, J., Bersch, K., Fukuyama, F., Paskov, P., Rogger, D., Mistree, D., & Kay, K. (2020). Responding to COVID-19 Through Surveys of Public Servants. Public Administration Review, 80(5), 792-796. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13246.
[23] De-la-Calle-Durán, M.-C., & Rodriguez-Sánchez, J.-L. (2021). Employee Engagement and Wellbeing in Times of COVID-19: A Proposal of the 5Cs Model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10): 5470, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105470.
[24] Karatepe, O.M., Saydam, M.B., & Okumus, F. (2021). COVID-19, Mental Health Problems, and Their Detrimental Effects on Hotel Employees’ Propensity to Be Late for Work, Absenteeism and Life Satisfaction. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 934-951. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1884665.
[25] Sandhya, S., & Sulphey, M.M. (2021). Influence of Empowerment, Psychological Contract, and Employee Engagement on Voluntary Turnover Intentions. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(2), 325-349. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2019-0189.
[26] Andrliċ, B., Priyashantha, K.G., & De Alwis, A.C. (2023). Employee Engagement Management in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability, 15(2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15020987.
[27] Nazir, O., Islam, J.U., & Rahman, Z. (2021). Effects of CSR Participation on Employee Sense of Purpose and Experienced Meaningfulness: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 123-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.12.002.
[28] Tims, M., Bakker, A.B., & Derks, D. (2015). Job Crafting and Job Performance: A Longitudinal Study. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(6), 914-928. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2014.969245.
[29] Breevaart, K., Bakker, A.B., Demerouti, E., & van den Heuvel, M. (2015). Leader-Member Exchange, Work Engagement, and Job Performance. Journal of Management Psychology, 30(7), 754-770. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2013-0088.
[30] Edelbroek , R., Peters, P., & Blomme, R.J. (2019). Engaging in Open Innovation: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement in the Relationship Between Transformational and Transactional Leadership and the Quality of the Open Innovation Process as Perceived by Employees. Journal of General Management, 45(1), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306307019844633.
[31] Koekemoer, L., de Beer, L.T., Govender, K., & Brouwers, M. (2021). Leadership Behaviour, Team Effectiveness, Technological Flexibility, Work Engagement and Performance During COVID-19 Lockdown: An Exploratory Study. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 47(0): a1829, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v47i0.1829.
[32] Lee, C., Esen, E., Coombs, J., Wessels, K., & Gantt, J. (2016). Employee Job Satisfaction and Engagement: Optimizing Organizational Culture for Success. Society for Human Resource Management. https://www.shrm.org/ResourcesAndTools/business-solutions/Documents/2015-job-satisfaction-and-engagement-report.pdf.
[33] Garg, K., Dar, I.A., & Mishra, M. (2017). Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement: A Study Using Private Sector Bank Managers. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 20(1), 58-71. doi: 10.1177/1523422317742987.
[34] Formato, B. (2014, April 15). Why Employee Engagement is So Critical During Tough Times. Groove Management. https://www.groovemanagement.com/blog/why-employee-engagement-is-so-critical-during-tough-times.
[35] Matkin, J. (2016). Keeping Employees Engaged During Tough Times. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/keeping-employees-engaged-during-tough-times-jo-matkin/.
[36] Jones, M.D., & Kober, J.I. (2019). Employee Engagement in Difficult Time. World Class Benchmarking. https://worldclassbenchmarking.com/employee-engagement-in-difficult-times/.
[37] Nkogbu, G.O. (2015). Impact of Human Capital Development on Organizational Productivity in the Nigerian Public Sector: A Case Study of Nigerian Ports Authority (Delta Ports, Warri) [M.Sc. Dissertation, Lagos Nigeria: National Open University of Nigeria].
[38] Perrigino, M.B., & Raveendran, R. (2020). Managing Remote Workers During Quarantine: Insights from Organizational Research on Boundary Management. Behavioral Science & Policy, 6(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/237946152000600211.
[39] Kelly, E.L., Moen, P., Oakes, J.M., Fan, W., Okechukwu, C.., Davis, K.D., Hammer, L.B., Kossek, E.E., King, R.B., Hanson, G.C., Mierzwa, F., & Casper, L.M. (2014). Changing Work and Work-Family Conflict: Evidence from the Work, Family, and Health Network. American Sociological Review, 79(3), 485-516. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122414531435.
[40] Moen, P., Kelly, E.L, Fan, W., Lee, S.R., Almeida, D., Kossek, E.E., & Buxton, O.M. (2016). Does a Flexibility/Support Organizational Initiative Improve High-Tech Employees’ Well-being? Evidence From the Work, Family, and Health Network. American Sociological Review, 81(1),134-164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122415622391.
[41] Perrigino, M.B., Dunford, B.B., & Wilson, K.S. (2018). Work-Family Backlash: The “Dark Side” of Work-Life Balance (WLB) Policies. Academy of Management Annals, 12(2), 600-630. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0077.
[42] Piszczek, M.M. (2017). Boundary Control and Controlled Boundaries: Organizational Expectations for Technology Use at the Work-Family Interface. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(4), 592-611. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2153.
[43] Bailey, K., & Breslin, D. (2020). The COVID-19 Pandemic: What Can We Learn from Past Research in Organizations and Management? International Journal of Management Reviews (IJMR), 23(1), 3-6. htttps://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12237.
[44] Mann, S.C., & Islam, T. (2015). The Roles and Involvement of Local Government Human Resources Professionals in Coastal Cities Emergency Planning. Homeland Security & Emergency Management, 12(1), 145-168. https://doi.org/10.1515/jhsem-2013-0087.
[45] Nkogbu, G.O., & Offia, P.A. (2015). Governance, Employee Engagement, and Improved Productivity in the Public Sector: The Nigerian Experience. Journal of Investment and Management, 4(5), 141-151. doi: 10.11648/j.jim.20150405.12.
[46] Joi, P. (2022). New Study Suggests Risk of Extreme Pandemics Like COVID-19 Could Increase Threefold in Coming Decades. Vaccine Works. https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/new-study-suggests-risk-extreme-pandemics-covid-19-could-increase-threefold-coming.
[47] Marani, M., Katul, G.G., Pan, W.K., & Parolari, A.J. (2021). Intensity and Frequency of Extreme Novel Epidemics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) of the United States of America, 118(35): e2105482118, 1-4. https://doi.org.10.1073/pnas.2105482118.
[48] Gallup Inc. (2021). State of the Global Workplace 2021 Report. https://bendchamber.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/state-of-the-global-workplace-2021-download.pdf.
[50] Media Nigeria (2018). Osun State Ministries, Agencies and Parastatals. https://www.medianigeria.com/osun-state-ministries-agencies-and-parastatals.
[51] Kumar, P. (2021). V-5 Model of Employee Engagement During COVID-19 and Post Lockdown.
Vision, 25(3),271-274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262920980878.[52] Lee, S.E., and Shin, G. (2023). The Effect of Perceived Organizational and Supervisory Support on Employee Engagement During COVID-19 Crises: Mediating Effects of Work-Life Balance Policy. Public Personnel Management, 52(3), 401-428. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260231171395.
[53] Lewin, K. (1951). Field Theory in Social Science. Harper.
Viewed PDF 845 34 -
Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Review of the LiteratureAuthor: Halima MukaddasDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art006Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Review of the Literature
Abstract:
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a pervasive human rights issue of great public health importance in Nigeria. This article aims to review and synthesize available knowledge on Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria and provides information that fills the knowledge gap noted in international and global reports related to Nigeria’s experiences. A literature search was conducted on empirical studies in English using the keywords ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.’ The databases searched were Research for Life r4Life, Google Scholar and ProQuest Central and the articles included in this review cover studies published from 2008 to 2023. The results show that IPV studies have multidimensional approaches and are influenced by multi-level predictors across cultural, socioeconomic, and educational factors. Interventions are therefore multiprong to address specific aspects depending on the context. Regional differences exist giving varied results, each community setting may have peculiarities that cannot be generalized to every Nigerian community. Future research should focus on large-scale community-based primary research to address IPV.
Keywords: ‘Intimate, Partner, Violence, Domestic Violence, IPV AND Nigeria.
Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria: A Review of the Literature
References:
[1] Adejimi AA, Akinyemi OO, Sekoni OO, Fawole OI. Reaching out to men in ending intimate partner violence: a qualitative study among male civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-Being. 2022 Dec 31;17(1):2128263.
[2] Behrman J, Demography MF, undefined 2021. Attitudes toward intimate partner violence in Dyadic perspective: evidence from sub-Saharan Africa. read.dukeupress.edu [Internet]. Available from: https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article/173143?searchresult=1&searchresult=1&utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Demography_TrendMD_0.
[3] Akinyugha AO, Akinyugha A, Kareem AO, Kareem AJ, Ajewole MO, Orji EJ, et al. Perceptions of women towards screening for intimate partner violence. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2022 Sep 14;14(1): e1–8.
[4] Tanimu TS, Yohanna S, Omeiza SY. The pattern and correlates of intimate partner violence among women in Kano, Nigeria. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2016 Nov 29;8(1): e1–6.
[5] WHO. WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women: summary report [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2022 Nov 14]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9241593512.
[6] Abasiubong F, Abasiattai AM, Bassey EA, Ogunsemi OO. Demographic Risk Factors in Domestic Violence Among Pregnant Women in Uyo, a Community in the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria. Health Care Women Int. 2010 Sep 16;31(10):891–901.
[7] Borumandnia N, Khadembashi N, Tabatabaei M, Alavi Majd H. The prevalence rate of sexual violence worldwide: a trend analysis. BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 30;20(1):1835.
[8] Onanubi KA, Olumide AO, Owoaje ET. Prevalence and Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Female Youth in an Urban Low-Income Neighborhood in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria. SAGE Open. 2017 Jun 1;7(2):215824401771567.
[9] Mapayi B, Makanjuola ROA, Mosaku SK, Adewuya OA, Afolabi O, Aloba OO, et al. Impact of intimate partner violence on anxiety and depression amongst women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2013 Feb;16(1):11–8.
[10] Oginni OA, Ogunbajo A, Mapayi BM, Afolabi OT. Correlates of Suicidal Ideation Among Sexual Minority Male Students in a Nigerian University. Ann LGBTQ Public Popul Health. 2023 Jun 1;4(2):75–90.
[11] Benebo FO, Schumann B, Vaezghasemi M. Intimate partner violence against women in Nigeria: a multilevel study investigating the effect of women’s status and community norms. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Dec;18(1):136.
[12] Ikekwuibe IC, Okoror CEM. The pattern and socio-cultural determinants of intimate partner violence in a Nigerian rural community. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2021 Jun 1;13(1).
[13] NPC NPCN. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018 [Internet]. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF.; 2019. Available from: https://nationalpopulation.gov.ng/ndhs-2018-key-finding.
[14] Aihie O. Prevalence of domestic violence in Nigeria: implications for counselling. Edo J Couns. 2010 Mar 11;2(1):1–8.
[15] Yaya S, Zegeye B, Ahinkorah BO, Seidu AA, Ameyaw EK, Adjei NK, et al. Predictors of skilled birth attendance among married women in Cameroon: further analysis of 2018 Cameroon Demographic and Health Survey. Reprod Health. 2021 Dec;18(1).
[16] Tarela, Juliet Ike, Jidong DE, Ebi Ayobi E. Women’s perceptions of domestic, intimate partner violence and the government’s interventions in Nigeria: A qualitative study. Criminol Crim Justice. 2023 Nov 1.
[17] Balogun MO, Owoaje ET, Fawole OI. Intimate partner violence in southwestern Nigeria: are there rural-urban differences? Women Health. 2012;52(7):627–45.
[18] Aboagye RG, Seidu AA, Asare BYA, Peprah P. Exposure to interparental violence and justification of intimate partner violence among women in sexual unions in sub-Saharan Africa. Arch Public Health Arch Belg Santé Publique. 2021 Sep 9;79(1).
[19] Adebowale AS. Spousal age difference and associated predictors of intimate partner violence in Nigeria. BMC Public Health. 2018 Dec;18(1):212.
[20] Sunmola AM, Sambo MN, Mayungbo OA, Morakinyo LA. Moderating Effect of Husband’s Controlling Attitudes on the Relation Between Women’s Household Decision-Making Autonomy and Intimate Partner Violence Experience in Nigeria. J Interpers Violence. 2021 Nov 1;36(21–22):NP12125–54.
[21] Onayemi OM, Ogungbemi EB. Spousal Socio-demographic Gaps and Women’s Justification of Wife-beating in Nigeria. J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jun 1;37(11–12):NP10429.
[22] Sunmola AM, Mayungbo OA, Ashefor GA, Morakinyo LA. Does Relation Between Women’s Justification of Wife Beating and Intimate Partner Violence Differ in Context of Husband’s Controlling Attitudes in Nigeria? J Fam Issues. 2020 Feb 1;41(1):85–108.
[23] Olanrewaju Aladeitan and Juanita Chinyere Ashade. Domestic Violence against Women in Nigeria and Section 55 of the Penal Code: An Appraisal. researchgate.net [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2023 Nov 29]; Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337022717_Domestic_Violence_against_Women_in_Nigeria_and_Section_55_of_the_Penal_Code_An_Appraisal/citation/download.
[24] Iliyasu Z, Abubakar IS, Galadanci HS, Hayatu Z, Aliyu MH. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Domestic Violence Among Pregnant Women in Northern Nigeria. J Interpers Violence. 2013 Mar 1;28(4):868–83.
[25] Izugbara C. Spousal age differences and violence against women in Nigeria and Tanzania. Health Care Women Int. 2018;39(8):872–87.
[26] Nwabunike C, Tenkorang EY. Domestic and Marital Violence Among Three Ethnic Groups in Nigeria. J Interpers Violence. 2017 Sep 1;32(18):2751–76.
[27] Ibiam AA, Anam AE, Ojong-Ejoh MU, Enamhe DC. Determinant of Intimate partner violence Family: parametric Statistics of the influence of household decision-making autonomy and Family Income Status. ARRUS J Soc Sci Humanit. 2022 Jan 2;1(2):87–93.
[28] Oluchi AAJ. The Nigerian Woman and Reproductive Autonomy: A View of Autonomy as Empowerment. SSRN Electron J [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2023 Aug 2]; Available from: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=2267239.
[29] Oluwagbemiga A, Johnson A, Olaniyi M. Education, and intimate partner violence among married women in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of individual and community-level factors. J Interpers Violence. 2023;38(3–4):3831–63.
[30] LO A, CA I, PO N, B N. Comparison of domestic violence against women in urban versus rural areas of southeast Nigeria. Int J Womens Health. 2014 Jan 1;2014(default):865–72.
[31] Uthman OA, Lawoko S, Moradi T. Sex disparities in attitudes towards intimate partner violence against women in sub-Saharan Africa: a socio-ecological analysis. BMC Public Health. 2010 Apr 29; 10:223.
[32] Oyediran KA. Explaining trends and patterns in attitudes towards wife-beating among women in Nigeria: analysis of 2003, 2008, and 2013 Demographic and Health Survey data. Genus. 2016 Dec;72(1):11.
[33] Nedegaard R. Intimate Partner Violence in Muslim Communities. Arts Soc Sci J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2023 Nov 25]; s1. Available from: https://www.omicsonline.com/open-access/intimate-partner-violence-in-muslim-communities-2151-6200-S1-003.php?aid=28651.
[34] Ross LE, editor. The Response of the Child Welfare System to Domestic Violence. In: Continuing the War Against Domestic Violence [Internet]. 0 ed. Routledge; 2014 [cited 2023 Nov 25]. p. 132–41. Available from: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781482229127/chapters/10.1201/b17162-11.
[35] Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, Zwi AB. The world reports on violence and health. The Lancet. 2002 Oct;360(9339):1083–8.
[36] Aboagye RG, Abdul-Aziz S, Cadri A, Salihu T. Ending violence against women: Help-seeking behaviour of women exposed to intimate partner violence in sub-Saharan Africa. PloS One. 2023 Oct 5;18(10).
[37] Yaya S, Uthman OA, Ekholuenetale M, Bishwajit G. Women empowerment as an enabling factor of contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel analysis of cross-sectional surveys of 32 countries. Reprod Health. 2018 Dec;15(1).
[38] Kana MA, Safiyan H, Yusuf HE, Musa ASM, Richards-Barber M, Harmon QE, et al. Association of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and birth weight among term births: a cross-sectional study in Kaduna, Northwestern Nigeria. BMJ Open. 2020 Dec;10(12): e036320.
[39] Musa A, Chojenta C, Geleto A, Loxton D. The associations between intimate partner violence and maternal health care service utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Womens Health. 2019 Feb 26;19.
[40] Ononokpono DN, Azfredrick EC. Intimate partner violence and the utilization of maternal health care services in Nigeria. Health Care Women Int. 2014 Jan 1;35(7–9):973.
[41] Nwabuzor OI, Fawole OI, Fraga RC. Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Service Providers’ Perspectives on Nigerian Immigrants’ Domestic Violence Experiences. Violence Women. 2021 Oct 1;27(12–13):2255–72.
[42] Amadi, Felix and Aladokiye E. Gabriel-Whyte. The violence against persons (prohibition) act 2015: legislative asset or liability? researchgate.net. 2018; 5:145–59.
[43] John NA, Adebayo A, Boychuk NA, OlaOlorun F. Intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention using a cross-sectoral couple-based intervention: results from a cluster randomised control trial in Ibadan, Nigeria. BMJ Glob Health. 2022 Feb 1;7(2).
[44] John IA, Lawoko S, Svanström L, Mohammed AZ. Health Care Providers’ Readiness to Screen for Intimate Partner Violence in Northern Nigeria. Violence Vict. 2010 Jan 1;25(5):689–704.
[45] Daley D, McCauley M, van den Broek N. Interventions for women who report domestic violence during and after pregnancy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Mar 6;20(1).
[46] Aboagye RG, Dadzie LK, Arthur-Holmes F, Okyere J. Intimate partner violence against married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa: does sexual autonomy matter? Reprod Health. 2022 Mar 28;19(1):1–11.
[47] Michael GC, Suleiman AK, Abdulkadir Z, Umar ZA. Prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of perceived family functionality, marital satisfaction, and intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 lockdown among married primary healthcare users. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2022 Nov 1;11(11):7280–8.
[48] Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode U, Hanmer LC, Rubiano-Matulevich E, Jimena Arango D. The effect of armed conflict on intimate partner violence: Evidence from the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. World Dev. 2022 May 1;153.
[49] Bolarinwa OA, Ahinkorah BO, Frimpong JB, Seidu AA, Tessema ZT. Spatial distribution and predictors of intimate partner violence among women in Nigeria. BMC Womens Health. 2022 Jun 20;22(1):245.
[50] Sunmola AM, Mayungbo OA, Fayehun OA, Opayemi RS, Morakinyo LA. Is Women’s Tendency to Negotiate Safer Sex Another Opportunity for Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria? J Interpers Violence. 2021;36(7–8):NP3624–45.
[51] Yusuff OS. Intimate Spousal’s Violence and Women’s Property Ownership: Delving Deeper into Linkage in Lagos State, Nigeria. Innov Issues Approaches Soc Sci. 2019 May 31;12(2):63.
Viewed PDF 692 27 -
Empowering and Equipping Parents with the Basic Intervention Skills in Handling their Children with Special Learning NeedsAuthor: Bryan V. CatamaDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art007Empowering and Equipping Parents with the Basic Intervention Skills in Handling their Children with Special Learning Needs
Abstract:
Parents of children with special learning needs face challenges balancing family needs without sacrificing care. For remote communities, difficulty accessing support compounds struggles. This qualitative phenomenological study explored an extension intervention program's effectiveness empowering parents of children with special needs. Through interviews with participating parents, thematic analysis revealed the program helped in three key empowerment dimensions. Firstly, parents transitioned from limited disability understanding to increased knowledge through educational resources. Secondly, feelings of isolation changed to supportive social networks via connections. Finally, the program equipped parents with resilience skills/mindsets moving from hopelessness towards effective coping. The multidimensional model addressed interrelated cognitive, social and emotional issues impacting parenting. Findings provide valuable insights how holistic, community programs successfully empower/support these families. Further research understands long term impacts and relationships to child outcomes.
Keywords: Coping skills, Disability intervention, Family-centered care, Parental empowerment, Resilience, Special needs children
Empowering and Equipping Parents with the Basic Intervention Skills in Handling their Children with Special Learning Needs
References:
[1] Chen, S., Chen, S., Li, X., & Ren, J. (2020). Mental health of parents of special needs children in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 24(17), 9519. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249519.
[2] Marlina, S. (2018). Dokter Lubis program. Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer), 1(2), 6. https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.33816.
[3] Wright, A.C., & Taylor, S. (2014). Advocacy by parents of young children with special needs: Activities, processes, and perceived effectiveness. Journal of Social Service Research, 5(40), 591 - 605. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2014.896850.
[4] Azis, F., & Mukramin, S. (2020). The family decision making patterns of children with special needs: A sociology study of the family. AL MA’ARIEF: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial dan Budaya, 2(2), 53-59. https://doi.org/10.35905/almaarief.v2i2.1828.
[5] Sowmya, P., & Lakshmi, A., (2019). Comparison of parenting stress between parents of children with special needs and those with normal children: A special focus on paternal stress. Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, 6, 415-417. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2019.090.
[6] Ariani, A., Wahyudi, M., & Rugaiyah, R. (2019). Inclusive education: Cooperation between class teachers, special teachers, parents to optimize development of special needs children. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v1i5.1616.
[7] Beamish, W., Meadow, D., Prime, M., & Fisher, B. (2016). Parent and preservice teacher partnering in a technology-based home intervention: Preliminary findings. https://doi.org/10.2991/icat2e-17.2016.4.
[8] Pertiwi, S. M. H., & Irwanto, I. (2020). The quality of life of mothers who have children with autism spectrum disorder. Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies, 7(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2020.007.02.02.
[9] Abaoğlu, H., & Akı, E. (2019). Development and psychometric testing of the Family Functioning Questionnaire in Rehabilitation (FFQR). Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 49, 1766 - 1773. Turk J Med Sci. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1909-93 [8].
[10] Beamish, W., Meadow, D., Prime, M., & Fisher, B. (2016). Parent and preservice teacher partnering in a technology-based home intervention: Preliminary findings. https://doi.org/10.2991/icat2e-17.2016.4.
[11] Mahmoud, A.O. (2018). Family quality of life for families in early intervention centers in Jordan. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(5). https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.55.4625.
[12] Marlina, S. (2018). Dokter Lubis program. Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer), 1(2), 6. https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.33816.
[13] Pertiwi, S. M. H., & Irwanto, I. (2020). The quality of life of mothers who have children with autism spectrum disorder. Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies, 7(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2020.007.02.02.
[14] Marlina, S. (2018). Dokter Lubis program. Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer), 1(2), 6. https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.33816.
[15] Molchanova, L.N., & Chekanova, A.V. (2018). Development of parental competence through psychological and pedagogical support for families in the upbringing of hearing-impaired children. Psychology in Russia, 4(11), 223-238. https://doi.org/10.11621/pir.2018.0415.
[16] Turchi, R., Antonelli, R.C., Norwood, K.W., Adams, R.C., Brei, T.J., Burke, R.T., Davis, B.E., Friedman, S.L., Houtrow, A.J., Kuo, D.Z., Levy, S.E., Wiley, S., Kalichman, M.A., Murphy, N.A., Bridgemohan, C., Mann, M., Peacock, G., Strickland, B.B., Wells, N., Wiznitzer, M., Mucha, S.M., Cooley, W.C., Jeung, J., Johnson, B., Klitzner, T.S., Lail, J., Lindeke, L.L., Mullins, A., Partridge, L., Schwab, W., Waldron, C.S., Sia, C.C., Kraft, C.A., Long, T.F., Esquivel, M., & Tobin, A. (2014). Patient- and family-centered care coordination: A framework for integrating care for children and youth across multiple systems. Pediatrics, 5(133), e1451 - e1460. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-0318.
[17] Barnard‐Brak, L., Stevens, T., & Carpenter, J. (2017). Care coordination with schools: the role of family-centered care for children with special health care needs. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 5(21), 1073-1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-2203-x
[18] Resch, J.A., Mireles, G.M., Benz, M., Grenwelge, C., Peterson, R., & Zhang, D. (2010). Giving parents a voice: A qualitative study of the challenges experienced by parents of children with disabilities. Rehabilitation psychology, 55 2, 139-50.
[19] Leon, A.M. (2014). Research on the challenges faced by families with children experiencing health or mental health problems. Journal of Social Service Research, 5(40), 587 - 590. https://doi.org/10.1080/01488376.2014.955781.
[20] Han, K., Yang, Y., & Hong, Y.S. (2018). A structural model of family empowerment for families of children with special needs. Journal of Clinical Nursing,5-6(27), e833–e844. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14195.
[21] Phillips, D.A., & Meloy, M.E. (2012). High-quality school-based pre-k can boost early learning for children with special needs. Exceptional Children, 4(78), 471 - 490. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440291207800405.
[22] Sarkar, S., Khaitan, T., Sinha, R., & Kabiraj, A. (2016). Tuberous sclerosis complex: A case report. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry, 7(2), 236-239. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-237X.183071.
[23] Abdullah, B.B., & Omar, W.R. (2018). The importance of early intervention programs on the development of special needs individual. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v8-i12/5049.
[24] Ingersoll, B., & Wainer, A.L. (2013). Pilot study of a school-based parent training program for preschoolers with ASD. Autism, 4(17), 434 - 448. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361311427155.
[25] Baumann, A.A., Mejía, A., Lachman, J.M., Parra-Cardona, R., López-Zerón, G., Amador Buenabad, N., Vargas Contreras, E., & Domenech Rodríguez, M.M. (2018). Parenting programs for underserved populations in low- and middle-income countries: Issues of scientific integrity and social justice. Global Social Welfare, 3(6), 199 - 207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-018-0121-0.
[26] Al-Futuh, A. (2014). Early intervention services as perceived by parents of children with autism in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, 2(3), 238-249. https://doi.org/10.12816/0003002.
[27] Baumann, A.A., Mejía, A., Lachman, J.M., Parra-Cardona, R., López-Zerón, G., Amador Buenabad, N., Vargas Contreras, E., & Domenech Rodríguez, M.M. (2018). Parenting programs for underserved populations in low- and middle-income countries: Issues of scientific integrity and social justice. Global Social Welfare, 3(6), 199 - 207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40609-018-0121-0.
[28] Ujianti, P. (2018). The Role of Support Group for Parents of Children with Special Needs. Journal of Psychology and Instruction, 2(1), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpai.v2i1.13739.
[29] Kruger D. (1988). An introduction to phenomenological psychology (2nd ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Juta.
[30] Robinson D., Reed V. (Eds.). (1998). The A Z of social research jargon. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
[31] Creswell, J. W. (2011). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
[32] Batitis, C., Alcaide, E., Arguillon, M., Roldan, J., & Agustin, L. (2019). SMS notification implementing internet of things for barangay Labas, City of Santa Rosa, Laguna. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science. https://doi.org/10.26483/IJARCS.V10I1.6356.
[33] Brysbaert, M. (2019). How Many Participants Do We Have to Include in Properly Powered Experiments? A Tutorial of Power Analysis with Reference Tables. Journal of Cognition, 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joc.72.
[34] Groenewald, T. (2004). A Phenomenological Research Design Illustrated. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 3, 42 - 55. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690400300104.
[35] Holroyd, C. (2001). Phenomenological Research Method, Design and Procedure: A Phenomenological Investigation of the Phenomenon of Being-in-Community as Experienced by Two Individuals Who Have Participated in a Community Building Workshop. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 1, 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1080/20797222.2001.11433859.
[36] Knaack, P. (1984). Phenomenological Research. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 6, 107 - 114. https://doi.org/10.1177/019394598400600108.
[37] Saldana, J. (2012). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. SAGE Publications Inc.
[38] Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. SAGE Publications.
[39] Coren, E., Ramsbotham, K., & Gschwandtner, M. (2018). Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 7, CD007987. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007987.pub3.
[40] Paswan A.D. & Kumar P. (2021). Is parental training effective in improving the quality of life of person with intellectual disability: Experimental research? International Journal of Indian Psychology, 9(1), 480-489. DIP:18.01.048/20210901, DOI:10.25215/0901.048.
[41] Nawangsari, S. (2022). Psikoedukasi pengasuhan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orang tua penyandang disabilitas. Procedia: Studi Kasus dan Intervensi Psikologi. https://doi.org/10.22219/procedia.v10i3.19217.
[42] Dodds, R., Yarbrough, D., & Quick, N. (2018). Lessons learned: Providing peer support to culturally diverse families of children with disabilities or special health care needs. Social work, 63 3, 261-264. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swy019.
[43] Kuracki, K. (2019). Satisfaction with the support received by parents of children with disabilities and the diversity of parental behaviour towards the child. Interdisciplinary Context of Special Pedagogy, 26, 191 - 215. https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.09.
[44] Burgio, L., & Wynn, M. (2021). Risk area 5: Social support, 51-52. https://doi.org/10.1093/MED-PSYCH/9780190855949.003.0007.
[45] Dekkers, T., Hornstra, R., Oord, S., Luman, M., Hoekstra, P., Groenman, A., & Hoofdakker, B. (2021). Meta-analysis: Which components of parent training work for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2021.06.015.
[46] Iida, N., Wada, Y., Yamashita, T., Aoyama, M., Hirai, K., & Narumoto, J. (2018). Effectiveness of parent training in improving stress-coping capability, anxiety, and depression in mothers raising children with autism spectrum disorder. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 3355 - 3362. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S188387.
Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience: A review and critique of definitions, concepts, and theory. European Psychologist, 18, 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/A000124Viewed PDF 884 38 -
Factors Affecting Skill Acquisition during Clinical Learning Among Preservice Registered Nursing Students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, ZambiaAuthor: Roseline TamboDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art008Factors Affecting Skill Acquisition during Clinical Learning Among Preservice Registered Nursing Students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia
Abstract:
Clinical learning is integral to nursing education, essential for the competence development required in a three-year diploma program. This research aimed to investigate factors affecting skill acquisition during clinical learning among preservice Registered Nursing students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia. A cross-sectional descriptive design, employing a self-administered adapted questionnaire pretested for reliability in the UK and Swaziland (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.77–0.96, correlation: 0.74) was used. Stratified random sampling based on training level selected 80 participants meeting inclusion criteria through a random sampling method. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression using SPSS version 26, with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. The study identified four predictors significantly correlated with skill acquisition during clinical learning: inadequate supportive learning environment (100%, n=80, p=0.003), inadequate Student-Patients allocation (83.75%, p=0.048), and inadequate Resources (56.25%, p=0.002), and inadequate motivation to learn (51.25%, p=0.037). Incompetence of clinical instructors and mentors (57.5%, p=0.233) and mild Anxiety (85%, p=0.762). Binary Logistic Regression, adjusted for independent variables, indicated that an improved supportive learning environment decreased skill acquisition odds (Odds Ratio=0.049, p=0.025), while increased resource availability raised odds (Odds Ratio=3.338, p=0.01) for students who perceived these variables as inadequate. The omnibus test was significant (chi-square=14.095, p=0.015), accurately classifying 72.5% of cases. Collaboration among educators, clinical staff, and policymakers is crucial for enhancing nursing education quality by addressing factors affecting clinical skills acquisition.
Keywords: Anxiety, clinical learning, competence of clinical instructors and mentors, resources, skill acquisition, supportive learning environment.
Factors Affecting Skill Acquisition during Clinical Learning Among Preservice Registered Nursing Students at Levy Mwanawasa Medical University in Lusaka, Zambia
References:
[1]. Ngaiyaye P and Ellemes E (2017) Challenges in Neonatal Nursing clinical teaching to Nurses. Journal of Nursing Education; 2015-2221.
[2]. Polit, D F and Beck C T (2021) Nursing research generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Wolters Kluwer.
[3]. Drateru K C (2019) Challenges Experienced by Student Nurses during Skill Acquisition at the Clinical Area. Nursing Primary Care. Texila American University, Uganda. 0614, NLM ID: 101570965 Science domain international.
[4]. Katowa-Mukwato P and Banda S S (2017) Acquisition of Competence in Clinical Practical Procedures: A Model of the University of Zambia Medical School, British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 19(8): 1-14, 2017; Article no. BJMMR.31279 ISSN: 2231-
[5]. Kaphagawani N C and Useh U (2018) Clinical Supervision and support: Exploring Pre registration Nursing Students‘ Clinical Practice in Malawi Annals of Global Health, DOI:10.29024/aogh.16.
[6]. Carson M N, Lee JW, & Clarke C (2018) Nursing students' learning dynamics and influencing factors in clinical contexts, Nurse Education in Practice, vol. 29, pp. 103-109.DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.12.003.
[7]. Kaliyangile B and Ngoma CM (2020) Factors Influencing Student Nurses’ Clinical Learning during their Clinical Practice at Rusangu University, Monze campus, Zambia. Texila International Journal of Nursing. ISSN: 2520-3126 DOI: 10.21522/TIJNR.2015.06.01.Art003.
[8]. Bvumbwe T and Mtshali N (2018) Nursing education challenges and solutions in Sub Saharan Africa: an integrative review. BMC Nurs. Jan 31; 17:3. Doi: 10.1186/s12912-018-0272-4. PMID: 29434521; PMCID: PMC5793415.
[9]. WHO (2020) State Of The Worlds Nursing 2020, Investing in education, jobs and leadership ISBN 978-92-4-000327-9 (electronic version) ISBN 978-92-4-000328-6 (print version).
[10]. Kesmodel U S (2018) Cross-sectional studies – what are they good for?, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[11]. Krejcie R V, and Morgan D W (1970) Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement. Published formula for determining sample size. The relationship between sample size and total population illustrated. Accessed from http://home.kku.ac.th/sompong/guest accessed 05.02.2022.
[12]. Saarikoski M and Strandell-Laine C (2018) The CLES-Scale: An Evaluation Tool for Healthcare Education. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-63649-8.
[13]. Dhlamini C (2011) Perceptions of students and Nurse Educators on the integration of theory and practice in nursing education in Swaziland: An exploratory – Descriptive study. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.
[14]. Bhandari P (2020) Introduction to quantitative Research. www.scribbr.com, accessed 10.01.2022.
[15]. Central Statitstics Office, (2019) Zambia in Figures, Lusaka Zambia.
[16]. Chambers M., Gallagher, A., Borschmann, R., Gillard S., Turner K. and Kantaris X. (2014) The experiences of detained mental health service users: Issues of dignity in care. BMC Medical Ethics, 15, 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6939-15-50.
[17]. Akhu- Zaheya L M, Shaban I A and Khater W A (2015) Nursing student’s perceived stress and influences in clinical performance, International Journal of Advanced Nursing studies, 4(2); 44 _ 48. Doi.10. 14419/ijans.V4:2.4311.
[18]. Kamphinda S and Chilemba E B (2019) Clinical supervision and support: Perspectives of undergraduate nursing students on their clinical learning environment in Malawi. Vol 42, No 1 | a1812, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v42i1.1812.
[19]. Zamanzadeh V, Valizadeh L, Rahmani A, van der Cingel M, Ghafourifard M (2018) Factors facilitating nurses to deliver compassionate care: a qualitative study. Scand J Caring Sci. Mar;32(1):92-97. doi: 10.1111/scs.12434. Epub 2017 Feb 3. PMID: 28156018.
Currie J, Grootemaat P E, Samsa P D, Halcomb E J and Thompson C J (2019) Topic 3: Clinical skill development, Centre for Health Service Development, Australian Health Services Research Institute, University of Wollongong. AustraliaViewed PDF 929 38 -
Unveiling the Nexus: Vulnerability to Psychological Distress and Childhood Violence among Adolescents in ZimbabweAuthor: Edson ChipaloDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art009
Unveiling the Nexus: Vulnerability to Psychological Distress and Childhood Violence among Adolescents in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
Exposure to multiple forms of violence increases the risk of developing psychiatric illnesses such as depression, PTSD, and other mental health problems. Despite this, studies investigating the relationship between psychological distress and childhood violence exposure are limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of childhood violence across psychological distress and examined the association between vulnerability to psychological distress and experiencing childhood violence among Zimbabwean adolescents. Utilizing data from the 2017 Zimbabwe Violence Against Children Survey (ZVACS), a representative household survey of adolescents aged 13 to 19 (n=5344), we employed chisquare tests to determine the prevalence estimates across independent and dependent variables. Additionally, four sets of logistic regression models (both unadjusted and adjusted) were performed to predict significant associations between independent and dependent variables. Prevalence results indicated that among adolescents experiencing moderate-to-severe psychological distress, 35.3% had experienced childhood physical violence, 27.2% emotional violence, 15% sexual violence, and 51.2% had been exposed to multiple forms of violence. Similarly, regression results indicated that adolescents with moderate-to-severe psychological distress had higher odds of experiencing childhood physical violence (aOR=2.13), emotional violence (aOR=3.69), sexual violence (aOR=1.93), and multiple forms of violence (aOR=2.59) compared to their counterparts without psychological distress in the past 30 days. These findings underscore the need for interventions that prioritize education and increased access to mental health treatment programs. Moreover, addressing evolving cultural norms and enforcing existing legislation to curb violence are crucial steps to mitigate the risk of further victimization in Zimbabwe.
Keywords: Psychological distress, emotional violence, sexual violence, physical violence, childhood, adolescence, Zimbabwe.
Unveiling the Nexus: Vulnerability to Psychological Distress and Childhood Violence among Adolescents in Zimbabwe
References:
[1] Organization, W.H., The World Health Report 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope. 2001.
[2] Dahlberg, L.L. and J.A. Mercy, The history of violence as a public health issue. 2009.
[3] Association, A.P., Publication manual of the american psychological association, (2020). American Psychological Association, 2019: p. 428.
[4] Hoefer, R., The dangers of social justice advocacy. Social Work, 2019. 64(1): p. 87-90.
[5] Drapeau, A., A. Marchand, and D. Beaulieu-Prevost, Epidemiology of psychological distress. Mental illnesses-understanding, prediction, and control, 2012. 69(2): p. 105-106.
[6] Organization, W.H., Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018: Global, regional, and national prevalence estimates for intimate partner violence against women and global and regional prevalence estimates for non-partner sexual violence against women. Executive summary. 2021: World Health Organization.
[7] United Nations Children's Fund. Violence against children. 2023 December 10, 2023]; Available from: https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/violence/.
[8] Farrington, D.P., and R. Loeber, Epidemiology of Juvenile Violence. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2000. 9(4): p. 733-748.
[9] United Nations Children's Fund. Violence against children. 2020 December 10, 2023]; Available from: https://www.unicef.org/protection/violence-against-children.
[10] Lin, W.H., J.K. Cochran, and T. Mieczkowski, Direct and vicarious violent victimization and juvenile delinquency: An application of general strain theory. Sociological inquiry, 2011. 81(2): p. 195-222.
[11] Anyanwu, M.U. and I. Tamwesigire, A cross-sectional study of prevalence and predictors of risky sexual behavior among school-going adolescents in Mbarara municipality, Uganda. African Health Sciences, 2023. 23(3): p. 109-116.
[12] Siziya, S. and M.L. Mazaba, Prevalence, and correlates for psychosocial distress among in-school adolescents in Zambia. Frontiers in public health, 2015. 3: p. 180.
[13] Handrick, C., et al., Risk factors and health consequences of physical and emotional violence against children in Zimbabwe: a nationally representative survey. BMJ Global Health, 2018. 3(3): p. e000533.
[14] Finkelhor, D., Childhood victimization: Violence, crime, and abuse in the lives of young people. 2008: oxford university Press.
[15] Greenfield, E.A. and N.F. Marks, identifying experiences of physical and psychological violence in childhood that jeopardize mental health in adulthood. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2010. 34(3): p. 161-171.
[16] Biçakçi, M.Y., S. Er, and N. Aral, An overview of child neglect and abuse: Types, causes, impact, and prevention. Studies on Ethno-medicine, 2016. 10(2): p. 221-228.
[17] Mills, R., et al., Child maltreatment and adolescent mental health problems in a large birth cohort. Child abuse & neglect, 2013. 37(5): p. 292-302.
[18] Gilbert, R., et al., Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries. The lancet, 2009. 373(9657): p. 68-81.
[19] Meinck, F., et al., Measuring and monitoring national prevalence of child maltreatment: a practical handbook. Measuring and monitoring national prevalence of child maltreatment: a practical handbook, 2016.
[20] Victor, B.G., et al., Domestic violence, parental substance misuse and the decision to substantiate child maltreatment. Child abuse & neglect, 2018. 79: p. 31-41.
[21] Zheng, X., et al., Violence against children and human capital in South Africa. Journal of family violence, 2019. 34: p. 139-151.
[22] Hsiao, C., et al., Violence against children in South Africa: the cost of inaction to society and the economy. BMJ global health, 2018. 3(1): p. e000573.
[23] Sherr, L., et al., Exposure to violence predicts poor educational outcomes in young children in South Africa and Malawi. International Health, 2015. 8(1): p. 36-43.
[24] Eckenrode, J., et al., Mobility as a mediator of the effects of child maltreatment on academic performance. Child development, 1995. 66(4): p. 1130-1142.
[25] Perez, C.M. and C.S. Widom, Childhood victimization and long-term intellectual and academic outcomes. Child abuse & neglect, 1994. 18(8): p. 617-633.
[26] Fry, D., et al., The relationships between violence in childhood and educational outcomes: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Child abuse & neglect, 2018. 75: p. 6-28.
[27] Fang, X. and P.S. Corso, Gender differences in the connections between violence experienced as a child and perpetration of intimate partner violence in young adulthood. Journal of Family Violence, 2008. 23: p. 303-313.
[28] Corso, P.S., et al., Health-related quality of life among adults who experienced maltreatment during childhood. American journal of public health, 2008. 98(6): p. 1094-1100.
[29] Chan, K.L., R. Lo, and P. Ip, From exposure to family violence during childhood to depression in adulthood: a path analysis on the mediating effects of intimate partner violence. Journal of interpersonal violence, 2021. 36(9-10): p. 4431-4450.
[30] Yan, E., and T. Karatzias, Childhood abuse and current intimate partner violence: A population study in Hong Kong. Journal of interpersonal violence, 2020. 35(1-2): p. 233-251.
[31] Fang, X., et al., The burden of child maltreatment in China: a systematic review. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2015. 93: p. 176-185C.
[32] Downey, J.C., et al., Adverse childhood experiences affect health risk behaviors and chronic health of Iowans. Journal of Family Violence, 2017. 32: p. 557-564.
[33] Herrenkohl, T.I., et al., Child maltreatment, youth violence, intimate partner violence, and elder mistreatment: A review and theoretical analysis of research on violence across the life course. Trauma, violence, & abuse, 2022. 23(1): p. 314-328.
[34] Tanaka, M., et al., The linkages among childhood maltreatment, adolescent mental health, and self-compassion in child welfare adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2011. 35(10): p. 887-898.
[35] Vettese, L.C., et al., Does Self-Compassion Mitigate the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and Later Emotion Regulation Difficulties? A Preliminary Investigation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 2011. 9(5): p. 480-491.
[36] Rumble, L., et al., Childhood sexual violence in Zimbabwe: Evidence for the epidemic against girls. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2015. 46: p. 60-66.
[37] Muridzo, N.G., An exploration of the phenomenon of child sexual abuse in Zimbabwe. 2018.
[38] Bensley, L.S., J. Van Eenwyk, and K.W. Simmons, Self-reported childhood sexual and physical abuse and adult HIV-risk behaviors and heavy drinking. American journal of preventive medicine, 2000. 18(2): p. 151-158.
[39] Reading, R., Exposure to physical and sexual violence and adverse health behaviours in African children: results from the Global School‐based Student Health Survey. 2009, Wiley Online Library.
[40] Norman, R.E., et al., The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS medicine, 2012. 9(11): p. e1001349.
[41] Lindert, J., et al., Sexual and physical abuse in childhood is associated with depression and anxiety over the life course: systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of public health, 2014. 59: p. 359-372.
[42] Lee, M., et al., Mediators and moderators of the effects of early exposure to intimate partner violence on children’s mental health. Development and psychopathology, 2023: p. 1-13.
[43] Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Childcare, Young Adult Survey of Zimbabwe: A Violence Against Children Survey, 2017. 2019, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation: Harare, Zimbabwe.
[44] Anderson, T.M., et al., The 10-item Kessler psychological distress scale (K10) as a screening instrument in older individuals. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2013. 21(7): p. 596-606.
[45] Juan, C., et al., Associations between mental distress, poly-victimisation, and gender attitudes among adolescent girls in Cambodia and Haiti: an analysis of Violence Against Children surveys. Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 2019. 31(3): p. 201-213.
[46] Prochaska, J.J., et al., Validity study of the K6 scale as a measure of moderate mental distress based on mental health treatment need and utilization. International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 2012. 21(2): p. 88-97.
[47] Thai, T.T., et al., The effect of adverse childhood experiences on depression, psychological distress, and suicidal thought in Vietnamese adolescents: Findings from multiple cross-sectional studies. Asian journal of psychiatry, 2020. 53: p. 102134.
[48] Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Childcare, oung Adult Survey of Zimbabwe: A Violence Against Children Survey, 2017. 2019.
[49] Kemal, S., A. Nwabuo, and J. Hoffmann, Mental health and violence in children and adolescents. Pediatric Clinics, 2023. 70(6): p. 1201-1215.
[50] Ribeiro, W.S., et al., Exposure to violence and mental health problems in low and middle-income countries: a literature review. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 2009. 31: p. S49-S57.
[51] Hom, K.A. and S.J. Woods, Trauma and its aftermath for commercially sexually exploited women as told by front-line service providers. Issues in mental health nursing, 2013. 34(2): p. 75-81.
[52] McKay, M., M. Davis, and P. Fanning, Thoughts, and feelings: Taking control of your moods and your life. 2021: New Harbinger Publications.
[53] Brassard, M.R., S.N. Hart, and D. Glaser, Psychological maltreatment: An international challenge to children's safety and well-being. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2020. 110: p. 104611.
Frieh, E.C., Stigma, trauma, and sexuality: the experiences of women hospitalised with serious mental illness. Sociology of Health & Illness, 2020. 42(3): p. 526-543.Viewed PDF 493 12 -
The Essence of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Good Governance of Catholic Institutions in ZambiaAuthor: Jonas PhiriDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art010The Essence of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Good Governance of Catholic Institutions in Zambia
Abstract:
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are a process that involves collecting and analysing data to measure progress toward achieving specific goals and objectives. This process helps organisations to identify what is working and what is not and to make informed decisions on how to improve their programs and projects. This paper focuses on the necessity of M&E in Catholic institutions in Zambia, Lusaka in particular. It underscores the fact that there is no good governance in these institutions due to inadequate M&E mechanisms. The only means of M&E are meetings. The research was done in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. It was conducted in 7 institutions. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to those in the first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were carried out purposively. It identifies the causes of poor governance as inadequate results-based M&E systems, deficient focus on Key Result Areas (KRAs) and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and irregular monitoring of institutional activities. The recommendations were that there was need to build capacity in the areas of performance management, stewardship approach to management (good governance), and to enhance M&E systems. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia.
Keywords: Catholic Institutions, Good Governance, Key Performance Indicators, Key Result Areas Monitoring and Evaluation, Stewardship.The Essence of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Good Governance of Catholic Institutions in Zambia
References:
[1] Zech, E. C. (Ed). (2010). Best Practices in Catholic Church Ministry Performance Management. New York: Lexington Books.
[2] Buford, B. (2014). Drucker & Me: What a Texas Entrepreneur Learned from the Father of Modern Management. Tennessee: Worthy Publishing.
[3] Independent Evaluation Group of the World Bank (2013 – 2023). Monitoring and Evaluation, https://www.ieg.com/
[4] Suchal, B. (2023). Effective Methods of Performance Appraisal, https://www.google.com/search?q=suchal+bojamma+2023.
[5] Cole, A. G. (2004). Management Theory and Practice (6th Edition). London: Book Power.
[6] Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops. (2022). ZCCB Pre-Synod Synthesis on the Synod on Synodality. Lusaka: Catholic Secretariat. See also Pope John Paul II. (1995). The Church in Africa: Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation. Nairobi: Paulines.
[7] Archdiocese of Lusaka Pastoral Office. (2012). Archdiocese of Lusaka Pastoral Plan: 2012 - 2016. Lusaka: Artperfect.
[8] Pope Francis (2022). Preach the Gospel: Apostolic Constitution Praedicate Evangelium. Nairobi: Paulines.
[9] Zambia Conference of Catholic Bishops. (2016). ZCCB Strategic Plan: 2017-2026. Lusaka: Catholic Secretariat.
[10] Chilenje Parish Team. (2019). Strategic Plan for St. Joseph’s Parish: 2019-2023. Lusaka: Artperfect.
[11] Lusaka Archdiocese Pastoral Office. (2023). Lusaka Archdiocese Strategic Plan 2023 -2027. Lusaka: Sotrane Publishers.
[12] Feilzer, M. Y. (2010). Doing mixed methods research pragmatically: Implications for the rediscovery of pragmatism as a research paradigm. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 4(1), 6–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689809349691.
[13] Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches. London: Sage.
[14] Cole, A. G. (2004). Management Theory and Practice (6th Edition). London: Book Power.
[15] Ibrahim O. (2002, October). Monitoring and Evaluation Division, https://www.google.com/search?q=brahim+Osman.+Monitoring+and+Evaluation+Division.+October+2002.
Suchal, B. (2023). Effective Methods of Performance Appraisal, https://www.google.com/search?q=suchal+bojamma+2023.Viewed PDF 419 13 -
Differentials in Male Circumcision Prevalence, HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Behavioral Prevention Practices Among Men in NigeriaAuthor: Ikenna Obasi OdiiDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art011Differentials in Male Circumcision Prevalence, HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Behavioral Prevention Practices Among Men in Nigeria
Abstract:
Compelling evidence regarding the HIV/AIDS reduction potentials of male circumcision abounds in sub-Saharan Africa, but men aged 15 to 59 years in Nigeria are mostly circumcised already. Yet, Nigeria continues to experience tens of thousands of deaths due to HIV/AIDS yearly, accounting for one of the highest HIV burdens worldwide. Differentials that may account for new HIV infections and high HIV prevalence rates need to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of male circumcision and determine the association between HIV/AIDS/STIs knowledge, contraception methods, and HIV prevention behavioral practices amongst men in Nigeria. This study utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (n= 13,311). Chi-square tests were used to determine the prevalence of male circumcision. Two binary logistic regression models were performed to predict the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The prevalence of male circumcision was higher among men with knowledge of HIV/AIDS (98%) and other STIs (74%), used condoms (70.7%), and only 2.5% of men who sought advice/treatment were circumcised. Further evidence suggested that knowledge of HIV/AIDS was associated with higher odds of consistent condom use (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI =1.12 – 5.02), and knowledge of other STIs was significantly associated with higher odds of seeking advice/treatment for the last STIs (AOR= 3.06; 95% CI = 1.88 – 4.99). This suggests that comprehensive education regarding HIV/AIDS and STIs if prioritized may serve as both a protective and preventive mechanism to achieve HIV epidemic control among men in Nigeria.
Keywords: Circumcised men, HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS knowledge, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Sexual behaviors, Nigeria.Differentials in Male Circumcision Prevalence, HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Behavioral Prevention Practices Among Men in Nigeria
References:
[1] World Population Review. Nigeria population 2023. 2023; Available from: www.worldpopulationreview.com/countries/nigeria-population.
[2] UNAIDS, W., Joint strategic action framework to accelerate the scale-up of voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in eastern and southern Africa, 2012–2016. Geneva: WHO, 2011.
[3] Dévieux, J.G., et al., The continuing challenge of reducing HIV risk among Haitian youth: the need for intervention. Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC), 2015. 14(3): p. 217-223.
[4] Circumcision, T.F.O. Cultural bias and circumcision: the AAP Task Force on Circumcision responds. in peds. 2013.
[5] Circumcision, T.F.o., et al., Circumcision policy statement. Pediatrics, 2012. 130(3): p. 585-586.
[6] Bailey, R.C., et al., Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial. The lancet, 2007. 369(9562): p. 643-656.
[7] Gray, R.H., et al., Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial. The lancet, 2007. 369(9562): p. 657-666.
[8] Auvert, B., et al., Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial. PLoS Medicine, 2005. 2(11): p. e298.
[9] Loevinsohn, G., et al., Effectiveness of voluntary medical male circumcision for human immunodeficiency virus prevention in Rakai, Uganda. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2021. 73(7): p. e1946-e1953.
[10] Vandormael, A., et al., Declines in HIV incidence among men and women in a South African population-based cohort. Nature communications, 2019. 10(1): p. 5482.
[11] Kagaayi, J., et al., Impact of combination HIV interventions on HIV incidence in hyperendemic fishing communities in Uganda: a prospective cohort study. The lancet HIV, 2019. 6(10): p. e680-e687.
[12] Szabo, R. and R.V. Short, how does male circumcision protect against HIV infection? BMJ, 2000. 320(7249): p. 1592-1594.
[13] Bhattacharjee, P., Male circumcision: An overview. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, 2008. 5: p. 32.
[14] Szabo, R. and R.V. Short, How does male circumcision protect against HIV infection? BMJ, 2000. 320(7249): p. 1592-4.
[15] Reynolds, S.J., et al., Male circumcision and risk of HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections in India. Lancet, 2004. 363(9414): p. 1039-40.
[16] Samuelson, J., R. Baggaley, and G. Hirnschall, Innovative device methods for adult medical male circumcision for HIV prevention: lessons from research. 2013, LWW. p. 127-129.
[17] Odoyo-June, E., et al., Unexpected complications following adult medical male circumcision using the PrePex Device. Urologia Internationalis, 2016. 96(2): p. 188-193.
[18] Zulu, R., et al., Sexual satisfaction, performance, and partner response following voluntary medical male circumcision in Zambia: the spear and shield project. Global Health: Science and Practice, 2015. 3(4): p. 606-618.
[19] Alkhenizan, A. and K. Elabd, Non-therapeutic infant male circumcision: Evidence, ethics, and international law perspectives. Saudi Medical Journal, 2016. 37(9): p. 941.
[20] Luseno, W.K., S. Rennie, and A. Gilbertson, A review of public health, social and ethical implications of voluntary medical male circumcision programs for HIV prevention in sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Impotence Research, 2023. 35(3): p. 269-278.
[21] Vardi, Y., et al., Male circumcision and HIV prevention. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2007. 4(4i): p. 838-843.
[22] Awoleye, O. and C. Thron, Determinants of HIV infection in Nigeria: a synthesis of the literature. Journal of AIDS and HIV Research, 2015. 7(9): p. 117-129.
[23] The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS UNAIDS. Country progress report - Nigeria Global AIDS Monitoring 2020 2020 January 1, 2024]; Available from: www.efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/country/documents/NGA_2020_countryreport.pdf.
[24] Onovo, A.A., et al., Estimation of HIV prevalence and burden in Nigeria: a Bayesian predictive modelling study. eClinicalMedicine, 2023. 62.
[25] Statistica Research Department. Number of deaths due to AIDS in Nigeria as of 2021. 2022 January 1, 2024]; Available from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262130/deaths-due-to-aids-in-nigeria/.
[26] National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and Inner City Fund International (ICF). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018 2019 January 1, 2024]; Available from: https://data.humdata.org/dataset/dhs-subnational-data-for-nigeria#.
[27] Shezi, M.H., B. Tlou, and S. Naidoo, Knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of voluntary medical male circumcision among males attending high school in Shiselweni region, Eswatini: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health, 2023. 23(1): p. 349.
[28] Wilcken, A., et al., Male circumcision for HIV prevention - a cross-sectional study on awareness among young people and adults in rural Uganda. BMC Public Health, 2010. 10(1): p. 209.
[29] Tram, K.H. and J.T. Bertrand, Correlates of male circumcision in Eastern and Southern African countries: establishing a baseline prior to VMMC Scale-up. PLoS One, 2014. 9(6): p. e100775.
[30] Pintye, J., et al., Association between male circumcision and incidence of syphilis in men and women: a prospective study in HIV-1 serodiscordant heterosexual African couples. The Lancet Global Health, 2014. 2(11): p. e664-e671.
[31] Mehta, S.D., et al., Adult Male Circumcision Does Not Reduce the Risk of Incident Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Results from a Randomized, Controlled Trial in Kenya. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009. 200(3): p. 370-378.
[32] Lau, F.K., S. Jayakumar, and S.K. Sgaier, Understanding the socio-economic and sexual behavioural correlates of male circumcision across eleven voluntary medical male circumcision priority countries in southeastern Africa. BMC Public Health, 2015. 15(1): p. 813.
[33] Mutanekelwa, I., et al., Prevalence and correlates of voluntary medical male circumcision adverse events among adult males in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia: A cross-sectional study. Plos one, 2021. 16(9): p. e0256955.
[34] Mattson, C.L., et al., Acceptability of male circumcision and predictors of circumcision preference among men and women in Nyanza Province, Kenya. AIDS care, 2005. 17(2): p. 182-194.
[35] Brown, L.K., R.J. Diclemente, and T. Park, Predictors of condom use in sexually active adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 1992. 13(8): p. 651-657.
[36] Heeren, G.A., et al., Theory–Based Predictors of Condom Use among University Students in the United States and South Africa. AIDS Education and Prevention, 2007. 19(1): p. 1-12.
[37] Farmer, M.A. and C.M. Meston, Predictors of Condom Use Self-Efficacy in an Ethnically Diverse University Sample. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2006. 35(3): p. 313-326.
[38] Hsu, H.-T., et al., Understanding Consistent Condom Use Among Homeless Men Who Have Sex with Women and Engage in Multiple Sexual Partnerships: A Path Analysis. AIDS and Behavior, 2015. 19(9): p. 1676-1688.
[39] Peters, C.M.M., et al., Sexual (risk) behavior and risk-reduction strategies of home-based male sex workers who have sex with men (msw–msm) in the netherlands: A qualitative study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2023: p. No Pagination Specified-No Pagination Specified.
[40] Hendriksen, E.S., et al., Predictors of Condom Use Among Young Adults in South Africa: The Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit
National Youth Survey. American Journal of Public Health, 2007. 97(7): p. 1241-1248.[41] Ajuwon, A.J. Benefits of sexuality education for young people in Nigeria. in Understanding human sexuality seminar series. 2005. African Regional Sexuality Resource Centre Lagos.
[42] Oladepo, O. and M.M. Fayemi, Perceptions about sexual abstinence and knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention among in-school adolescents in a western Nigerian city. BMC public health, 2011. 11(1): p. 1-10.
Hassan, A., et al., Sexual behavior and knowledge of reproductive health and HIV prevention among secondary school students in Nigeria. International Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 2016: p. 231-238.Viewed PDF 704 43 -
The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Subsequent Association with Exposure to Childhood Violence and Mental Health Outcomes for Adolescents and Young Adults in ZimbabweAuthor: Edson ChipaloDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art012The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Subsequent Association with Exposure to Childhood Violence and Mental Health Outcomes for Adolescents and Young Adults in Zimbabwe
Abstract:
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major public health concern for young people in developing nations, impacting approximately two-thirds of individuals below the age of 25. This study examined the prevalence and the association between self-reported STIs, childhood violence exposure, and mental health outcomes among adolescents and young adults (13-24 years old) in Zimbabwe. Secondary data from the 2017 Zimbabwe Violence Against Children and Youth Survey (n=8,715) was utilized. Data analysis was performed using chisquare to determine the prevalence estimates for bivariate. Seven logistic regression models were used to examine the significant association between independent variables and outcomes for multivariate. About 45.5% of adolescents and young adults with self-reported STIs were exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, 49.8% reported lifetime suicide risk, and 44.9% reported moderate-to-severe mental distress in the past 30 days. Furthermore, logistic regression results indicated that adolescents and young adults with self-reported STI diagnoses were more likely to be exposed to multiple forms of childhood violence, including physical, emotional, and sexual violence, as well as mental distress in the past 30 days and lifetime suicide risk compared to those without STIs. Therefore, this study underscores the importance of implementing comprehensive public health strategies to protect the wellbeing of adolescents and young adults with STIs. Interventions should also prioritize raising awareness, destigmatizing STIs, implementing and strengthening violence prevention policies, and addressing mental health problems through community mental health treatment programs in Zimbabwe.
Keywords: Childhood violence, Emotional violence, Exposure, Mental distress, Physical violence, Sexual violence, Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Suicide risk, Zimbabwe.The Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Subsequent Association with Exposure to Childhood Violence and Mental Health Outcomes for Adolescents and Young Adults in Zimbabwe
References:
[1] World Health Organization [WHO], More than 1 million new curable sexually transmitted infections every day. World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland, 2019.
[2] Chikwari, C.D., et al., Evaluation of a community-based aetiological approach for sexually transmitted infections management for youth in Zimbabwe: intervention findings from the STICH cluster randomised trial. Eclinicalmedicine, 2023. 62.
[3] Pleasure, Z.H., et al., Patterns in receipt and source of STI testing among young people in the United States, 2013–2019. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2022. 71(5): p. 642-645.
[4] Martin, K., et al., Uptake of and factors associated with testing for sexually transmitted infections in community-based settings among youth in Zimbabwe: a mixed-methods study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2021. 5(2): p. 122-132.
[5] Martino, S.C., et al., Increased substance use and risky sexual behavior among migratory homeless youth: Exploring the role of social network composition. Journal of youth and adolescence, 2011. 40(12): p. 1634-1648.
[6] Mon Kyaw Soe, N., et al., STI health disparities: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of preventive interventions in educational settings. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018. 15(12): p. 2819.
[7] Zheng, Y., et al., Global burden and trends of sexually transmitted infections from 1990 to 2019: an observational trend study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2022. 22(4): p. 541-551.
[8] Takunda, M., Zimbabwe STI Crisis: Infection Rates Skyrocket Despite Record Condom Distribution. 2023.
[9] Chirenje, Z.M., et al., The etiology of vaginal discharge syndrome in Zimbabwe: results from the Zimbabwe STI etiology study. Sexually transmitted diseases, 2018. 45(6): p. 422.
[10] World Health Organization [WHO], Sexually transmitted infections: fact sheet: more than 1 million people acquire a sexually transmitted infection every day. 2014, World Health Organization.
[11] London, S., et al., Adverse experiences in childhood and sexually transmitted infection risk from adolescence into adulthood. Sexually transmitted diseases, 2017. 44(9): p. 524.
[12] Smit, J., et al., Mental health and sexual risk behaviours in a South African township: a community-based cross-sectional study. Public health, 2006. 120(6): p. 534-542.
[13] Dube, S.R., et al., The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900. Preventive medicine, 2003. 37(3): p. 268-277.
[14] Kurtz, M., et al., The prevalence of emotional abuse in children living in Sub-Saharan Africa–A systematic review. Child Abuse & Neglect, 2023. 140: p. 106155.
[15] Vanathi, S. and K. Suriyan, Emotional Abuse Faced by Adolescent Students at Cuddalore Town, Tamil Nadu.
[16] Awino, O.C. and J.A. Ngutu, Effects of Emotional Violence on Women’s Socio-economic Development in Luanda Sub-County, Vihiga County, Kenya. International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Educational Research, 2022. 4(1): p. 230-250.
[17] Chipalo, E., Adverse Childhood Experiences and Self-Reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among Adolescents and Young Adults in Zimbabwe. Suicide. 31: p. 34.
[18] Vézina-Gagnon, P., et al., Childhood sexual abuse, girls’ genitourinary diseases, and psychiatric comorbidity: A matched-cohort study. Health Psychology, 2021. 40(2): p. 104.
[19] Alaggia, R., D. Collin-Vézina, and R. Lateef, Facilitators and barriers to child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures: A research update (2000–2016). Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 2019. 20(2): p. 260-283.
[20] Pitzner, J.K., J. McGarry-Long, and P.D. Drummond, A history of abuse and negative life events in patients with a sexually transmitted disease and in a community sample. Child abuse & neglect, 2000. 24(5): p. 715-731.
[21] Haydon, A.A., J.M. Hussey, and C.T. Halpern, Childhood abuse and neglect and the risk of STDs in early adulthood. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 2011. 43(1): p. 16-22.
[22] Wilson, H.W., et al., Patterns of violence exposure and sexual risk in low-income, urban African American girls. Psychology of violence, 2012. 2(2): p. 194.
[23] Brady, S.S. and G.R. Donenberg, Mechanisms linking violence exposure to health risk behavior in adolescence: Motivation to cope and sensation seeking. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2006. 45(6): p. 673-680.
[24] Wilson, H.W., G.R. Donenberg, and E. Emerson, Childhood violence exposure and the development of sexual risk in low-income African American girls. Journal of behavioral medicine, 2014. 37: p. 1091-1101.
[25] Voisin, D.R., A. Hotton, and T. Neilands, Exposure to community violence and sexual behaviors among African American youth: Testing multiple pathways. Behavioral medicine, 2018. 44(1): p. 19-27.
[26] Hillis, S.D., et al., Adverse childhood experiences and sexual risk behaviors in women: a retrospective cohort study. Family planning perspectives, 2001: p. 206-211.
[27] Hillis, S.D., et al., Adverse childhood experiences and sexually transmitted diseases in men and women: a retrospective study. Pediatrics, 2000. 106(1): p. e11-e11.
[28] Stiffman, A.R., et al., The influence of mental health problems on AIDS-related risk behaviors in young adults. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1992. 180(5): p. 314-320.
[29] Lyon, A.R. and E.J. Bruns, from evidence to impact: Joining our best school mental health practices with our best implementation strategies. School Mental Health, 2019. 11(1): p. 106-114.
[30] Shrier, L.A., et al., Associations of depression, self-esteem, and substance use with sexual risk among adolescents. Preventive medicine, 2001. 33(3): p. 179-189.
[31] Rein, D.B., L.A. Anderson, and K.L. Irwin, Mental health disorders and sexually transmitted diseases in a privately insured population. Am J Manag Care, 2004. 10(12): p. 917-24.
[32] Erbelding, E.J., et al., High rates of depressive symptoms in STD clinic patients. Sexually transmitted diseases, 2001: p. 281-284.
[33] Salway, T., et al., The need and desire for mental health and substance use–related services among clients of publicly funded sexually transmitted infection clinics in Vancouver, Canada. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 2019. 25(3): p. E1-E10.
[34] Lee, A.S. and S.L. Cody, The stigma of sexually transmitted infections. Nursing Clinics, 2020. 55(3): p. 295-305.
[35] Eaton, L.A., et al., Experiences of stigma and health care engagement among Black MSM newly diagnosed with HIV/STI. Journal of behavioral medicine, 2018. 41: p. 458-466.
[36] Hood, J.E. and A.L. Friedman, Unveiling the hidden epidemic: a review of stigma associated with sexually transmissible infections. Sexual health, 2011. 8(2): p. 159-170.
[37] Walsh, J.L., T.E. Senn, and M.P. Carey, Exposure to different types of violence and subsequent sexual risk behavior among female sexually transmitted disease clinic patients: A latent class analysis. Psychology of Violence, 2012. 2(4): p. 339.
[38]Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Childcare, Young Adult Survey of Zimbabwe: A Violence Against Children Survey, 2017. 2019, Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation: Harare, Zimbabwe.
[39] Kappel, R.H., et al., Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated health risks and risk behaviors among young women and men in Honduras. Child abuse & neglect, 2021. 115: p. 104993.
[40] Lee, N., et al., Adverse childhood experiences and associated mental distress and suicide risk: results from the Zambia Violence Against Children Survey. Journal of interpersonal violence, 2022. 37(21-22): p. NP21244-NP21265.
[41] VanderEnde, K., et al., Adverse childhood experiences and HIV sexual risk-taking behaviors among young adults in Malawi. Journal of interpersonal violence, 2018. 33(11): p. 1710-1730.
[42] Dunne, M.P., et al., ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools Retrospective version (ICAST-R): Delphi study and field testing in seven countries. Child abuse & neglect, 2009. 33(11): p. 815-825.
[43] Finkelhor, D., Child sexual abuse: Challenges facing child protection and mental health professionals, in Childhood and Trauma. 2019, Routledge. p. 101-116.
[44] Finkelhor, D., et al., The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire: reliability, validity, and national norms. Child abuse & neglect, 2005. 29(4): p. 383-412.
[45] Prochaska, J.J., et al., Validity study of the K6 scale as a measure of moderate mental distress based on mental health treatment need and utilization. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 2012. 21(2): p. 88-97.
[46] Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Childcare, Young Adult Survey of Zimbabwe: A Violence Against Children Survey. 2017.
[47] Upchurch, D.M., et al., Social and behavioral determinants of self‐reported STD among adolescents. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 2004. 36(6): p. 276-287.
[48] Fan, A.Z., et al., Do self-reported data reflect the real burden of lifetime exposure to sexual violence among females aged 13–24 years in Malawi? Child Abuse & Neglect, 2016. 58: p. 72-79.
[49] Schafer, E.S., Adverse childhood experiences and risky behaviors in male college students. Journal of American college health, 2023. 71(6): p. 1926-1934.
[50] Schafer, K.R., et al., The continuum of HIV care in rural communities in the United States and Canada: what is known and future research directions. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. 75(1): p. 35.
[51] Larkin, H., J.J. Shields, and R.F. Anda, The health and social consequences of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) across the lifespan: An introduction to prevention and intervention in the community. Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community, 2012. 40(4): p. 263-270.
[52] Wang, S., et al., Psychosocial Syndemic of suicidal ideation: a cross-sectional study among sexually transmitted infection patients in Shanghai, China. BMC Public Health, 2020. 20: p. 1-11.
[53] Appiah, C.K., et al., Self-reported sexually transmitted infections among adolescent girls and young women in Mali: analysis of prevalence and predictors. BMJ open, 2023. 13(4): p. e069226.
[54] Meeker, E.C., et al., The impact of adverse childhood experiences on adolescent health risk indicators in a community sample. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy, 2021. 13(3): p. 302.
[55] Petersson, C., et al., Teenagers’ and young adults’ sexual behaviour and its associations with exposure to violence, among visitors at a Youth Centre in Sweden. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 2022. 34: p. 100781.
[56] Merrick, M.T. and N.E. Latzman, Child Maltreatment: A Public Health Overview and Prevention Considerations. Online journal of issues in nursing, 2014. 19(1).
Sitzman, B.T., et al., Rates of sexually transmitted diseases among patients in a psychiatric emergency service. Psychiatric services (Washington, DC), 1995. 46(2): p. 136-140.Viewed PDF 612 20 -
Research Output and Knowledge Translation Among Faculty Members of University of Technology, JamaicaAuthor: Abubakar Garba UsmanDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art013Research Output and Knowledge Translation Among Faculty Members of University of Technology, Jamaica
Abstract:
Universities are very important assets to produce research knowledge. The three major responsibilities of university faculty members are teaching, research, and community service. Balancing these three responsibilities is often very challenging, and the work that suffers most is research. The government of every nation looks up to its universities to produce research knowledge. The goal is to investigate the research output and knowledge translation among faculty members at Jamaica’s national university. A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was used for this study. This design was used to collect data from faculty members at one point in time. Most of the respondents (56.3%) perceived a lack of protected time for research as a barrier to research productivity. Seventy-five percent of the respondents reported having published one research article as the first author in the last two years. The majority (75%) of the respondents have concerns about the research policy of the university. The most common perceived barrier to knowledge translation (KT) was a lack of awareness of the concept of KT. The faculty members are experiencing challenges in conducting research and translating research findings.
Keywords: Knowledge translation, Research output.Research Output and Knowledge Translation Among Faculty Members of University of Technology, Jamaica
References:
[1] Muia A M and Oringo J. O., 2016, Constraints on Research Productivity in Kenyan Universities: Case Study of University of Nairobi, Kenya retrived from Constraints on Research Productivity in Kenyan Universities: Case Study of University of Nairobi, Kenya|Semantic Scholar.
[2] Tette, E., Oppong, S. A., Adjei, G. O., Donkor, E. S., Andam, I., Asante, B., & Adjei, A. A., 2015, Facilitators and Impediments to Research at the University of Ghana Medical School: A Survey of Faculty Members’ Views. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 13(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJESBS/2016/19133.
[3] Graber, K. C., Richards, K. A. R., Killian, C. M., & Woods, A. M. 2019, Pete faculty preferences and responsibilities for research, teaching, and service in the United States. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 39(3), 396-406.
[4] Al-Judaibi, B., & Dokus, M. K. 2021, Barriers to research productivity among physicians in Saudi Arabia: Taking a deep dive into the world of academia. Saudi journal of gastroenterology: official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association, 27(2), 61-63. https://doi.org/10.4103/sjg.sjg_7_21.
[5] Bekker, S., Paliadelis, P., & Finch, C. 2017, The translation of sports injury prevention and safety promotion knowledge: insights from key intermediary organisations. Health Research Policy and Systems, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-017-0189-5.
[6] Siron, S., Dagenais, C. & Ridde, V. 2015, what research tells us about knowledge transfer strategies to improve public health in low-income countries: a scoping review.) Int J Public Health 60: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0716-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0716-5 ISSN 1661-8564 Springer Basel.
[7] Pablos-Mendez, A., Chunharas, S, L., Shademani, M; R., & Tugwell, P., 2005, Knowledge translation in global health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 83 (10) 723. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/269501.
[8] Martínez-Mesa, J., González-Chica, D. A., Duquia, R. P., Bonamigo, R. R., & Bastos, J. L. 2016, Sampling: how to select participants in my research study? Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 91(3), 326–330. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20165254.
[9] Lipovetsky, S. and Conklin, M. 2018, Decreasing respondent heterogeneity by Likert scales adjustment via multipoles. Stats, 1(1), 169-175. https://doi.org/10.3390/stats1010012.
[10] Pau, A., Omar, H., Khan, S. A., Jassim, A. M., Seow, L. L., & Toh, C.G. 2017, Factors associated with faculty participation in research activities in dental schools. Singapore Dental Journal, 38, 45-54.
[11] Srinivasan M.R, Poorni S, Govindarajan S, Kumar S.N., 2014, Research experiences, attitudes, and barriers to publishing among the dental postgraduate teachers: A cross-sectional study Indian Journal of Dental Research, 25(4), 2014.
[12] Nzengya, D. M., Mutisya, A. K., Wagoro, M. C. A., Secor-Turner, M., & Edwards, J. 2023, Nurses’ and midwives’ participation and utilization of health-related research in Kenya: Implications for evidence-based practice. International journal Of Nursing Sciences, 10(2), 199–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.02.001.
[13] VanRiel, Y., Gazza, E., & Phillips, B. 2022, It is up to faculty: an exploration of registered nurse-to-Bachelor of Science in nursing student intent for faculty role. Nursing Education Perspectives, 44(1), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.nep.0000000000001023.
[14] Alamdari A, Venkatesh S, Roozbehi A, & Kannan AT., 2012, Health research barriers in the faculties of two medical institutions in India J Multidiscip Healthc. 2012; 5: 187–194.
[15] Nakanjako, D., Akena, D., Kaye, D. K., Tumwine, J., Okello, E., Nakimuli, A., Kambugu, A., McCullough, H., Mayanja-Kizza, H., Kamya, M. R., & Sewankambo, N. K. 2017, A need to accelerate health research productivity in an African University: the case of Makerere University College of Health Sciences. Health Research Policy and Systems, 15(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-017-0196-6.
[16] Armstrong, K. A., Beaudry, S., Allard, R., & Coburn, N. G. 2020, Protected research time and academic productivity in Canadian departments of surgery. Canadian Journal of Surgery, 63(6), E532-E536.
[17] Ramanan, R. A., Taylor, W. C., & Davis, R. B., 2019, Protected research time during internal medicine residency training: Results of a national survey. American Journal of Medicine, 132(3), 376-381.
[18] Cruz Rivera, S., Kyte, D. G., Aiyegbusi, O. L., Keeley, T. J., & Calvert, M. J. 2018, Assessing the impact of healthcare research: A systematic review of methodological frameworks. PloS One, 13(6), e0199386.
[19] Doozgy Z, & Najib B 2010, Barriers Towards Research Among Faculty of two Nursing Colleges in Kurdistan Region, Iraq retrieved on 14/9/2021 from https://library.iated.org/view/DOOZGY2010R.
[20] Ataee, M., Hesamzadeh, A., & Kheradmand, M. 2015, Research barriers from experts’ viewpoints who attended the research workshops of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Journal of medicine and life, 8(Spec Iss 4), 12–17.
[21] AI Auf, H Awadalla, ME Ahmed Mohamed H. Ahmed (2018)- Perception, barriers, and practice of research among teaching staff at five Sudanese medical faculties J Public Health.
[22] Sunita S, Zakaria N, Ismail M, Bakit P, & Mat Diah N., 2019, Percieved barriers and motivating factors influencing research productivity among nursing and allied health professionals’ trainers Malaysian Journal of Nursing Vol. 11(2).
[23] AlSardi, M., AlAskar, D., Alsahafi, M., AlAmeel, T., & Al Sulais, E. 2020, Barriers to research productivity among gastroenterologists and hepatologists in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology: Official Journal of The Saudi Gastroenterology Association, 27(2), 73–78. https://doi.org/10.4103/sjg.SJG_332_20.
[24] Anyaogu U & Iyabo M., 2014, Demographic Variables as Correlates of Lecturers Research Productivity in Faculties of Law in Nigerian Universities}, DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology}, Vol 34 p.505-510.
[25] Van Lankveld T, Schoonenboom J, Volman M, et al. 2017., Developing a teacher identity in the university context: a systematic review of the literature. Higher Education Research and Development.; 36(2): 325–342. Publisher.
[26] Musalge, G., & Maassen, P. 2015, Faculty perceptions of the factors that influence research productivity at Makerere University. Knowledge production and contradictory functions in African higher education, 1, 109-127.
[27] Atieno, A. V., Onyancha, O. B., & Kwanya, T., 2022, Trends, patterns, and determinants of research productivity at the Technical University of Kenya. Information Development, 38(1), 97–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666920983400.
[28] Okoduwa SIR, Abe JO, Samuel BI Chris AO, Oladimeji RA, Idowu O.O & Ugochi J. Okoduwa O.J 2018, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Barriers to Research and Publishing Among Research and Teaching Staff in a Nigerian Research Institute Front. Res. Metr. Anal., 25. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2018.00026.
[29] Busse, C. E., Anderson, E. W., Endale, T., Smith, Y. R., Kaniecki, M., Shannon, C., & August, E. T. 2022, Strengthening research capacity: a systematic review of manuscript writing and publishing interventions for researchers in low-income and middle-income countries. BMJ global health, 7(2), e008059. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008059.
[30] Holle, V., Deforche, B., Cauwenberg, J., Goubert, L., Maes, L., Weghe, N. & Bourdeaudhuij, I. 2012, Relationship Between the Physical Environment and Different Domains of Physical Activity in European Adults: A Systematic Review. BMC Public Health, 1(12). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-807.
[31] White, C., James, K., Burke, L., Allen, R. 2012, What Makes a “Research Star”? Factors Influencing the Research Productivity of Business Faculty. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 6(61), 584-602. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410401211249175.
[32] Jaskiene, J., Buciuniene, I. 2021, Human Resource Management–research Performance Linkage in Higher Education Institutions. Management (Split, Online), 1(26), 149-168 https://doi.org/10.30924/mjcmi.26.1.9.
[33] Siu, A., Blackmer, A., Thornton, A., Johnson, P., Nichols, K., Hagemann, T. 2019. Overview and Preparation Guide for Academic Careers in Pediatric Pharmacy, Part 1: Career as A Pediatric Pharmacy Practice Faculty Member. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2(24), 79-89. https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-24.2.79.
[34] Shen, H., Wang, Y., Wang, L., & Ho, Y. S. 2020, Research collaboration and productivity: is there correlation? Scientometrics, 122(3), 1511-1533.
[35] Van Rijnsoever, F. J., & Hessels, L. K. 2011, Factors associated with disciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaboration. Research Policy, 40(3), 463-472.
[36] Fernald, D. 2021, Review of Transforming Teamwork: Cultivating Collaborative Cultures. Families, Systems, & Health, 2(39), 401-403. https://doi.org/10.1037/fsh0000603.
[37] Suldovsky, B., McGreavy, B., Lindenfeld, L. 2018, Evaluating Epistemic Commitments and Science Communication Practice in Transdisciplinary Research. Science Communication, 4(40), 499 523. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547018786566.
[38] Stvilia, B., Worrall, A., Kazmer, M., Hinnant, C., Burnett, G., Schindler, K., & Marty, P. 2010, Composition of scientific teams and publication productivity. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(1), 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.14504701304.
[39] Kornhaber, R., Cross, M., Mulvogue, J., Kaphle, S., & Cleary, M. 2022, Research collaborations: like minds, diversity and safe spaces. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 43(11), 1069-1071. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8090255.
[40] Zhao, Y., Shi, J., Wang, Y., & Liang, X. 2019. Predictors of research productivity among health professions faculty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 39(1), 41-48.
[41] Bakker, C., Persson, M., & Löfmark, A. 2020, Faculty members’ motivation for research activities in health science. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 1-11.
[42] Sipido, K. R., & Nagyova, I. 2020, Health research and knowledge translation for achieving the sustainable development goals: tackling the hurdles. European Journal of Public Health, 30(Supplement_1), i36-i40.
[43] Wutzke, S., Morrice, E., Benton, M., & Wilson, A. 2017, What will it take to improve prevention of chronic diseases in australia? a case study of two national approaches. Australian Health Review, 41(2), 176. https://doi.org/10.1071/ah16002.
[44] Cairney, P. 2020. How Can Policy Theory Have an Impact on Policy Making? The Role of Theory-Led Policymaking. Public Administration, 98(1), 209-216.
[45] Brownson, R. C., Fielding, J. E., & Maylahn, C. M. 2018. Evidence-based public health: A fundamental concept for public health practice. Annual Review of Public Health, 39, 27-43.
[46] Graham, I. D., Logan, J., Harrison, M. B., Straus, S. E., Tetroe, J., Caswell, W., & Robinson, N. 2012. Lost in knowledge translation: time for a map? Journal of continuing education in the health professions, 32(3), 177-183.
[47] Meissner, H. I., Glasgow, R. E., Vinson, C. A., Chambers, D., Brownson, R. C., & Green, L. W. 2013. The US training institute for dissemination and implementation research in health. Implementation Science, 8(1), 1-6.
[48] Gagliardi, A. R., Webster, F., Brouwers, M. C., & Baxter, N. N. 2016, The effectiveness of knowledge translation interventions for promoting evidence-informed decision-making among nurses in tertiary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Implementation Science, 11(1), 1-16.
[49] Partridge, A. C. R., Mansilla, C., Randhawa, H., Lavis, J. N., El-Jardali, F., & Sewankambo, N.K. 2020. Lessons learned from descriptions and evaluations of knowledge translation platforms supporting evidence-informed policymaking in low-
and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Health research policy and systems, 18(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-020-00626-5.[50] Stevens, K. R., Kagan, S. H., & Penn, T. E. 2013. The gap between nursing faculty knowledge and skill in evidence-based practice. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 44(10), 439-446.
[51] Rubio, D. M., Schoenbaum, E. E., Lee, L. S., Schteingart, D. E., Marantz, P. R., & Anderson, K. E. 2015. Defining translational research: implications for training. Academic Medicine, 90(3), 341-344.
[52] Oliver, K., Innvar, S., Lorenc, T., Woodman, J., & Thomas, J. 2014. A systematic review of barriers to and facilitators of the use of evidence by policymakers. BMC Health Services Research, 14(1), 2.
[53] Greenhalgh, T., Jackson, C., Shaw, S., & Janamian, T. 2016. Achieving research impact through co‐ creation in community‐based health services: Literature review and case study. The Milbank Quarterly, 94(2), 392-429.
[54] Sibley, K. M., Roche, P. L., Bell, C. P., Temple, B., & Wittmeier, K. 2017. A descriptive qualitative examination of knowledge translation practice among health researchers in Manitoba, Canada. BMC health services research, 17(1), 627. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2573-9.
[55] Nedjat, S., Gholami, J., Yazdizadeh, B., Nedjat, S., Maleki, K., & Majdzadeh, R. 2014. Research’as a Practice and Barriers of Knowledge Translation in Iran. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 43(7), 968–980.
Orem, J. N., Mafi Giri, D. K., Nabu ere, H., & Criel, B. 2014. Improving knowledge translation in Uganda: more needs to be done. The Pan African medical journal, 17 SUPP 1(Suppl 1), 14. https://doi.org/10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.17.1.3482.
Viewed PDF 531 15 -
Enhancing Strategic Planning for High - Performance of Catholic Institutions in ZambiaAuthor: Jonas PhiriDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art014Enhancing Strategic Planning for High - Performance of Catholic Institutions in Zambia
Abstract:
The Church is a non-profit commonweal and service organization. She exists for the promotion of integral human development. She does this through her institutions of education, health, spiritual - pastoral and social welfare. However, most of these Catholic institutions are managed with insufficient strategic planning. As a result, low performance characterizes them. The focus of this paper is enhancing strategic planning for high - performance of Catholic institutions in Zambia. It underscores the need for strategic planning for efficient and effective management of Catholic institutions and identifies deficient proficiency because of inadequate strategic planning. The study was conducted in seven (7) institutions in Lusaka District and some parts of Central Province. The sample size was 257. There were 252 questionnaires which were administered purposively and randomly to first line, middle and top leadership, and management positions, and 5 in-depth interviews were purposively carried out. The research discovered that Catholic institutions were not proficient because they did not have a clear vision, precise policies and procedures, sufficient financial capacity and did not have the ability to adapt to changing times. Recommendations were made thus, to build capacity of leaders and managers in the areas of management audit, leadership and management development, and strategic management. Theoretically, the results can be generalised to all Catholic institutions in Zambia.
Keywords: Catholic institutions, management audit, leadership and management development, Strategic planning, strategic management.Enhancing Strategic Planning for High - Performance of Catholic Institutions in Zambia
References:
[1] Chilenje Parish Team. (2019). St. Joseph’s Parish Strategic Plan: 2019 - 2023. Lusaka: Artperfect.
[2] Chikati, J. (2009a). Strategic Planning for NonProfit Organisations. Nairobi: REPARED.
[3] Mulwa, F. W. (2010). Demystifying Participatory Community Development (Revised Edition). Nairobi: Paulines.
[4] Chikati, J. (2009b). Church Strategic Planning Handbook. Nairobi: REPARED.
[5] Lusaka Archdiocese Pastoral Office. (2023). Lusaka Archdiocese Strategic Plan: 2023 -2027. Lusaka: Sotrane Publishers.
[6] AMECEA., 1974, Planning for the Church in Eastern Africa, AFER, Vol. XVI, 1&2, Kampala: Gaba Publications
[7] Congregation for the Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life (2018): Economy at the Service of Charism and Mission: Good Stewards responsible for all these varied graces of God. Nairobi: Paulines.
[8] Management Team. (2012) Bauleni Street Kids Special Project Strategic Plan: 2012 - 2016. Lusaka: Management Team.
[9] Buford, B. (2014). Drucker & Me: What a Texas Entrepreneur Learned from the Father of Modern Management. Tennessee: Worthy Publishing.
[10] Pickett, W. (2007). A Concise Guide to Pastoral Planning. Notre Dame, Indiana: Ave Maria Press.
[11] White, P. (2013, May 1). The Catholic Church’s Management Practices Significantly Inhibit Innovation. Corporate Innovation Online Certified Management Consultant, http://www.corporateinnovationonline.com/wordpress/wp-content/.
[12] Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops. (2022). The Working Document for the Continental Stage on the Synod on Synodality. Vatican City: Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops.
[13] Feilzer, M. Y., 2010, Doing mixed methods research pragmatically: Implications for the rediscovery of pragmatism as a research paradigm. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 4(1), 6-16, https://www.doi.org/.
[14] Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Method Approaches. London: Sage.
[15] Saunders, M. N. K. (2009, January). Understanding Research Philosophies and Approaches. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/.
[16] Wallstreetmojo Team. (2023). Management Audit, https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/. See also BYJU’s. (2023). What is Management Audit? https://www.byjus.com/ See also Enterslice. (2023). Management Audit, https: www. Enterslice.com/.
[17] Cole, A. G. (1997). Strategic Management (2nd Ed.). London: Cengage. See also Mulwa, F. W. (2010). Demystifying Participatory Community Development (Revised Edition). Nairobi: Paulines.
Cole, A. G. & Phil K. (2015). Management: Theory and Practice (8th Ed.). London: Cengage. See also Cole, A. G. (2004). Management Theory and Practice (6th Edition). London: Book Power.
Viewed PDF 643 16 -
Topological Relation Aware TransformerAuthor: Nathan Manzambi NdongalaDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art015Topological Relation Aware Transformer
Abstract:
We present a Topological Relation Aware Transformer (T-RAT), a specialized head transformer to open sets, an element of the topology τ generated by the set S, the set of all pre-existing relations between input tokens of the model. From this topological space (S, τ), we present the way to spread each open set to one head of our Transformer. T-RAT improves exact match accuracy in Text-To-SQL challenge (62.09%) without any enhancement of large language models compared to the baseline models RAT-SQL (57.2%) and Light RAT-SQL (60.25%).
Keywords: Deep learning, Natural Language Processing, Neural Semantic Parsing, Relation Aware Transformer, RAT-SQL, Text-To-SQL Transformer.
Topological Relation Aware Transformer
References:
[1] T. Scholak, R. Li, D. Bahdanau, H. de Vries, and C. Pal, “DuoRAT: Towards Simpler Text-to-SQL Models,” Oct. 2020, doi: 10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.103.
[2] W. Hou and Y. Nie, “Seq2seq-Attention Question Answering Model.
[3] O. Goldman, V. Latcinnik, U. Naveh, A. Globerson, and J. Berant, “Weakly-supervised Semantic Parsing with Abstract Examples,” Nov. 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.05240.
[4] X. V. Lin, R. Socher, and C. Xiong, “Bridging Textual and Tabular Data for Cross-Domain Text-to-SQL Semantic Parsing,” Dec. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.12627
[5] I Gur, S. Yavuz, Y. Su, and X. Yan, “DialSQL: Dialogue Based Structured Query Generation.”
[6] X. Xu, C. Liu, and D. Song, “SQLNet: Generating Structured Queries from Natural Language Without Reinforcement Learning,” Nov. 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04436.
[7] B. Wang, R. Shin, X. Liu, O. Polozov, and M. Richardson, “RAT-SQL: Relation-Aware Schema Encoding and Linking for Text-to-SQL Parsers,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/Microsoft/rat-sql.
[8] N. M. Ndongala, “Light RAT-SQL: A RAT-SQL with More Abstraction and Less Embedding of Pre-existing Relations,” Texila Int. J. Acad. Res., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–11, 2023, doi: 10.21522/tijar.2014.10.02.art001.
[9] G. Huilin, G. Tong, W. Fan, and M. Chao, “Bidirectional attention for SQL generation,” in 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics, ICCCBDA 2019, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Apr. 2019, pp. 676–682. doi: 10.1109/ICCCBDA.2019.8725626.
[10] K. Clark, M.-T. Luong, Q. V. Le, and C. D. Manning, “ELECTRA: Pre-training Text Encoders as Discriminators Rather Than Generators,” Mar. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555.
[11] M. Lewis et al., “BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension,” Oct. 2019, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13461.
[12] M. Shoeybi, M. Patwary, R. Puri, P. Legresley, J. Casper, and B. Catanzaro, “Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/.
[13] T. B. Brown et al., “Language Models are Few-Shot Learners,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://commoncrawl.org/the-data/.
[14] Z. Lan et al., “ALBERT: A Lite Bert for Self-Supervised Learning Of Language Representations,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/google-research/ALBERT.
[15] A. Radford, J. Wu, R. Child, D. Luan, D. Amodei, and I. Sutskever, “Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners,” 2019. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/codelucas/newspaper.
[16] V. Zhong, C. Xiong, and R. Socher, “Seq2SQL: Generating Structured Queries from Natural Language using Reinforcement Learning,” Aug. 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1709.00103.
[17] A. Vaswani et al., “Attention Is All You Need,” Jun. 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762.
[18] O. Vinyals, M. Fortunato, and N. Jaitly, “Pointer Networks,” Jun. 2015, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.03134.
[19] Z. Tu, Z. Lu, L. Yang, X. Liu, and H. Li, “Modeling coverage for neural machine translation,” in 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL 2016 - Long Papers, Jan. 2016, pp. 76–85. doi: 10.18653/v1/p16-1008.
[20] P. Shaw, J. Uszkoreit, G. Brain, and A. Vaswani, “Self-Attention with Relative Position Representations,” 2018.
[21] L. Zehui, P. Liu, L. Huang, J. Chen, X. Qiu, and X. Huang, “DropAttention: A Regularization Method for Fully Connected Self-Attention Networks,” Jul. 2019, Accessed: Apr. 04, 2022. [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11065.
[22] E. M. Bender, T. Gebru, A. McMillan-Major, and S. Shmitchell, “On the dangers of stochastic parrots: Can language models be too big?” in FAccT 2021 - Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc, Mar. 2021, pp. 610–623. doi: 10.1145/3442188.3445922.
[23] D. E. B. A. D. Ecoding and E. Bert, “Entangled A Ttention with D Is -,” 2021.
[24] W. Fedus, B. Zoph, and N. Shazeer, “Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsity,” 2022.
[25] J. Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova, “BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers),” Bert-Ppt, 2018.
[26] V. Sanh, L. Debut, J. Chaumond, and T. Wolf, “DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter,” Oct. 2019, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.01108.
[27] Y. Liu et al., “RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach,” Jul. 2019, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.11692.
[28] H. Li, J. Zhang, C. Li, and H. Chen, “RESDSQL: Decoupling Schema Linking and Skeleton Parsing for Text-to-SQL,” Feb. 2023, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.05965
[29] L. Zhao, H. Cao, and Y. Zhao, “GP: Context-free Grammar Pre-training for Text-to-SQL Parsers,” Jan. 2021, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.09901.
[30] P. Shi et al., “Learning Contextual Representations for Semantic Parsing with Generation-Augmented Pre-Training,” Dec. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.10309
[31] T. Yu et al., “GraPPa: Grammar-Augmented Pre-Training for Table Semantic Parsing,” Sep. 2020, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.13845.
[32] X. Deng, A. H. Awadallah, C. Meek, O. Polozov, H. Sun, and M. Richardson, “Structure-Grounded Pretraining for Text-to-SQL,” Oct. 2020, doi: 10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.105.
[33] P. Yin and G. Neubig, “TRANX: A Transition-based Neural Abstract Syntax Parser for Semantic Parsing and Code Generation,” Oct. 2018, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1810.02720.
[34] P. Yin, C. Zhou, J. He, and G. Neubig, “STRUCTVAE: Tree-structured Latent Variable Models for Semi-supervised Semantic Parsing.” [Online]. Available: http://pcyin.me/struct.
[35] L. Dong and M. Lapata, “Language to Logical Form with Neural Attention,” Jan. 2016, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.01280.
[36] L. Dong and M. Lapata, “Coarse-to-Fine Decoding for Neural Semantic Parsing,” May 2018, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1805.04793.
[37] A. Gopalan et al., “Neural Structured Learning: Training Neural Networks with Structured Signals,” in WSDM 2021 - Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, 2021. doi: 10.1145/3437963.3441666.
[38] I. Gopalan et al., “Neural Structured Learning,” 2020. doi: 10.1145/3394486.3406701.
[39] II. Bogin, M. Gardner, and J. Berant, “Global Reasoning over Database Structures for Text-to-SQL Parsing,” 2019.
[40] Y. Ma and J. Tang, “Graph Neural Networks in Natural Language Processing,” in Deep Learning on Graphs, 2021. doi: 10.1017/9781108924184.015.
[41] I. Hui et al., “S$^2$SQL: Injecting Syntax to Question-Schema Interaction Graph Encoder for Text-to-SQL Parsers,” Mar. 2022, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2203.06958.
[42] R. Cai, J. Yuan, B. Xu, and Z. Hao, “SADGA: Structure-Aware Dual Graph Aggregation Network for Text-to-SQL,” Oct. 2021, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00653.
[43] R. Cao, L. Chen, Z. Chen, Y. Zhao, S. Zhu, and K. Yu, “LGESQL: Line Graph Enhanced Text-to-SQL Model with Mixed Local and Non-Local Relations,” Jun. 2021, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.01093.
[44] OpenAI et al., “GPT-4 Technical Report,” vol. 4, pp. 1–100, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.08774.
[45] M. Pourreza and D. Rafiei, “DIN-SQL: Decomposed In-Context Learning of Text-to-SQL with Self-Correction,” no. NeurIPS, pp. 1–34, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.11015.
[46] I. Gao et al., “Text-to-SQL Empowered by Large Language Models: A Benchmark Evaluation,” 2023, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15363.
[47] I. A. Dahl et al., “EXPANDING THE SCOPE OF THE ATIS TASK: THE ATIS-3 CORPUS.”
[48] Y. Gan et al., “Towards robustness of text-to-SQL models against synonym substitution,” ACL-IJCNLP 2021 - 59th Annu. Meet. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 11th Int. Jt. Conf. Nat. Lang. Process. Proc. Conf., pp. 2505–2515, 2021, doi: 10.18653/v1/2021.acl-long.195.
[49] P. Utama et al., “An End-to-end Neural Natural Language Interface for Databases,” 2018, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.00401.
[50] T. Yu et al., “Spider: A Large-Scale Human-Labeled Dataset for Complex and Cross-Domain Semantic Parsing and Text-to-SQL Task,” Sep. 2018, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.08887.
[51] T. Yu et al., “SPARC: Cross-domain semantic parsing in context,” ACL 2019 - 57th Annu. Meet. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. Proc. Conf., pp. 4511–4523, 2020, doi: 10.18653/v1/p19-1443.
[52] X. Yu et al., “Dataset and enhanced model for eligibility criteria-to-SQL semantic parsing,” Lr. 2020 - 12th Int. Conf. Lang. Resour. Eval. Conf. Proc., no. May, pp. 5829–5837, 2020.
[53] H. Zhang et al., “CSS: A Large-scale Cross-schema Chinese Text-to-SQL Medical Dataset,” Proc. Annu. Meet. Assoc. Comput. Linguist., pp. 6970–6983, 2023, doi: 10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.435.
[54] Y. Gan, X. Chen, and M. Purver, “Exploring Underexplored Limitations of Cross-Domain Text-to-SQL Generalization,” EMNLP 2021 - 2021 Conf. Empir. Methods Nat. Lang. Process. Proc., pp. 8926–8931, 2021, doi: 10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.702.
[55] C. T. Hemphill, J. J. Godfrey, and G. R. Doddington, “The ATIS Spoken Language Systems Pilot Corpus.”
[56] Q. Min, Y. Shi, and Y. Zhang, “A pilot study for Chinese SQL semantic parsing,” EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019 - 2019 Conf. Empir. Methods Nat. Lang. Process. 9th Int. Jt. Conf. Nat. Lang. Process. Proc. Conf., pp. 3652–3658, 2019, doi: 10.18653/v1/d19-1377.
[57] D. Sean and P. S. Meltzer, “GEOquery: A bridge between the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and BioConductor,” Bioinformatics, vol. 23, no. 14, pp. 1846–1847, Jul. 2007, doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm254.
[58] T. Shi, C. Zhao, J. Boyd-Graber, H. Daumé, and L. Lee, “On the potential of lexico-logical alignments for semantic parsing to SQL queries,” Find. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. Find. ACL EMNLP 2020, pp. 1849–1864, 2020, doi: 10.18653/v1/2020.findings-emnlp.167.
[59] M. Singh et al., “CL Scholar: The ACL Anthology Knowledge Graph Miner,” NAACL HLT 2018 - 2018 Conf. North Am. Chapter Assoc. Comput. Linguist. Hum. Lang. Technol. Proc. Demonstr. Sess., pp. 16–20, 2018, doi: 10.18653/v1/n18-5004.
[60] A. Suhr, M. W. Chang, P. Shaw, and K. Lee, “Exploring unexplored generalization challenges for cross-database semantic parsing,” Proc. Annu. Meet. Assoc. Comput. Linguist., pp. 8372–8388, 2020, doi: 10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.742.
[61] L. R. Tang and R. J. Mooney, “A u t o m a t e d Construction of Database Interfaces: Integrating Statistical and Relational Learning for Semantic Parsing,” 1996.
[62] J. MUNKRES, Topology. Pearson College Div, 2000. [Online]. Available: https://www.amazon.com/Topology-2nd-James-Munkres/dp/0131816292.
[63] .P Yin and G. Neubig, “A Syntactic Neural Model for General-Purpose Code Generation,” Apr. 2017, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.01696.
[64] C. D. Manning, M. Surdeanu, J. Bauer, J. Finkel, S. J. Bethard, and D. Mcclosky, “The Stanford CoreNLP Natural Language Processing Toolkit,” 2014.
[65] J. Pennington, R. Socher, and C. D. Manning, “GloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation,” 2014. [Online]. Available: http://nlp.
[66] S. Hochreiter and J. Schmidhuber, “Long Short-Term Memory,” Neural Comput., vol. 9, no. 8, 1997, doi: 10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735.
[67] A. Paszke et al., “PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library,” 2019.
[68] D. P. Kingma and J. Ba, “Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization,” Dec. 2014, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/1412.6980.
[69] J. Guo et al., “Towards Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Database with Intermediate Representation,” 2019.
B. L. Edelman, S. Goel, S. Kakade, and C. Zhang, “Inductive Biases and Variable Creation in Self-Attention Mechanisms,” Proc. Mach. Learn. Res., vol. 162, pp. 5793–5831, 2022.Viewed PDF 484 23 -
How the Learning Disabilities Cause Psychosocial Problems among children in South Sudan: A Case of Jamjang Refugee CampsAuthor: Abraham Ngor AchiekDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art016How the Learning Disabilities Cause Psychosocial Problems among children in South Sudan: A Case of Jamjang Refugee Camps
Abstract:
The study on the learning disabilities and associated psychosocial problems among children in South Sudan started in 2022 to 2024. The deepening loneliness and vulnerability of the children with the learning disabilities that influence the psychosocial problems among children resulted from the conflict in Sudan, which scattered families, social fabric, community structures, and pushed the families to seek international protection. The families have limited access to livelihood and highly dependent on relief services that exacerbate the situation for nurturing children. The study aimed at ascertaining the presence of the learning disabilities, associated psychosocial problems and the ways to mitigate and address a growing phenomenon among refugee children in Jamjang camps. The study employed qualitative, quantitative, and ethnographical/anthropological method to explore the growing phenomenon. The tools used in the design includes questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The study ascertained the presence of the learning disabilities among children which consists of dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, auditory processing disorder, visual and perceptual disorder. These conditions were manifested in deficiency to write, spell, comprehend, articulate written point, grammatical errors, arithmetic calculation, and inattention. The study confirmed how the learning disabilities cause the psychosocial problems which includes low self-esteem, lack of confidence, anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, bully, stigma, and neglect. The finding confirmed the phenomenon can be addressed through mental health support, multisensory approaches, and Skinner’s Operant conditioning theory; Cognitive Behavioral theory of Bandura are crucial in reducing the adverse effects of the phenomenon.
Keywords: Anxiety, Dyslexia, Depression, Dysgraphia, Learning Disabilities, Psychosocial.
How the Learning Disabilities Cause Psychosocial Problems among children in South Sudan: A Case of Jamjang Refugee Camps
References:
[1] Kavale A. Kenneth, Spaulding Lucinad, and Beam Andrea (2009), Making the Specific Learning Disability Definition Prescribe Specific Learning Disability. Regent University. scholar.google.com.
[2] Christina Fiedorowicz, Judy Craig, Marjory Phillips, Anne Price, and Gordon Bullivant (2015), Position Paper to revise: The Official LDAC Definition of Learning Disabilities Versus DSM-5 Criteria. https://www.ldac-acta.ca/downloads/pdf/media.
[3] Vinutha U. Muktamath, Priya R. Hegde and Samreen Chand (2021) Types of Specific Learning Disability. DOI:10.5772/intechopen.100809; From the edited volume Learning Disability edited by Sandro Misciagna.
[4] Erica M. Backenson, Sara C. Holland, Hanna A. Kubas, Kim R. Fitzer, Gabrielle Wilcox, Jessica A. Carmichael, Rebecca L. Fraccaro, Amanda D. Smith, Sarah J. Macoun, Gina L. Harrison, and James B. Hale, (2013) Psychosocial and Adaptive Deficits Associated with Learning Disability Subtypes journal of Learning Disabilities, Hammill Institute. sagepub.com.
[5] Bonifacci Paola (2019), Children with low motor ability have lower visual-motor integration ability but unaffected perceptual skills, Bologna, Italy. www.researchgate.net/publication.
[6] Motohide Miyahara, Masatsugu Tsujii, Miwako Hori, Kazunori Nakanishi, and Hidenori Kageyama (1997) Brief Report: Motor Incoordination in Children with Asperger Syndrome and Learning Disabilities; University of Otago, https://scholar.google.com.
[7] Peter Chung, and Dilip R Patel (2015), Dysgraphia. Mattel Children’s Hospital, University of California Los Angeles, USA and Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA. ISSN: 1939-5930 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
[8] Michael Woods. T. D (2001), Report of the Task force on the dyslexia. www.google.com.
[9] Smith-Spark James, and Gordon Rebecca (2022): Automaticity and Executive Abilities in Developmental Dyslexia: A Theoretical Review. Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, University College London, London WC1H 0AA, UK.
[10] Lois MacCullagh, Agnes Bosanquet & Nicholas A Badcock (2017), A qualitative exploratory study of learning practices, challenges, and strategies: University students with dyslexia. DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1544.
[11] Hasliza Yunus & Noor Aini Ahmad. (2022), Understanding the Definition and Characteristics of Dyslexia. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(3), e001353. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i5.1353.
[12] Tien Ping Hsiang, Steve Graham (2015) Teaching writing in grades 4–6 in urban schools, in the Greater China Region 2 Published online: Springer Science Business Media Dordrecht. https://scholar.google.com.
[13] Lindsay Knobelauch (2008), How to Assist a Student with Dysgraphia in the Classroom. Super Duper ® Publications. www.superduperinc.com.
[14] Azra Rostami, Farzane Allahverdi, Farah Mousavi (2014), Dysgraphia: The Causes and Solutions. Farhangian University, Alzahra Campus, Zanjan, Iran DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v4-i2/582 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v4-i2/582.
[15] Peter J. Chung, Dilip R. Patel, Iman Nizam (2019), Disorder of written expression and dysgraphia: definition, diagnosis, and management. doi: 10.21037/tp.2019.11.01 http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2019.
[16] Desoete a Annemie, Jacques Grégoire (2006) Numerical competence in young children and in children with mathematics learning disabilities; Department of experimental clinical and health psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
[17] Kinga Morsanyi, Bianca van Bers and Teresa McCormack (2023), Do children with Developmental Dyscalculia have an order processing deficit? Queen’s University Belfast, Nuffield Foundation. Date downloaded 18th Nov 2023. www.google.com.
[18] Brian Butterworth (2001), About Dyscalculia. Professor of Cognitive Neuropsychology at University College London. www.mathematicalbrain.com/pdf/.
[19] Hansa D. Bhargava (2021), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Medically Reviewed. https://scholar.google.com.
[20] Tony Lloyd 2023). ADHD in adults: A guide for successfully living with ADHD. The ADHD Foundation Neurodiversity Charity. Retrieved on www.google.com in July 2023.
[21] James Jerger and Frank Musick (2000), Report of the Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis of Auditory Processing Disorders in School-Aged Children. J Am Acad Audiol 11 467-474. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology. https://scholar.google.com.
[22] Vassiliki Maria Iliadou (2011) auditory processing disorder; Current Pediatric Reviews Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. https://scholar.google.com.
[23] Weill Cornell Medicine Hearing & Speech Center (2023), Auditory Processing Disorder: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved in April 2023 www.google.com.
[24] Els Ortibus (2008) Assessment of cerebral visual impairment with the L94 visual perceptual battery: clinical value and correlation. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. https://scholar.google.com.
[25] Nancy F. Miller (1998), A neuropsychological investigation of visual perceptual and visual motor abilities in a very low birthweight. Program in the school of psychology. Retrieved on www.google.com/ google scholar.
[26] Mccarthy Jane, Mir Ghazala, Wright Steve (2008,1,2), People with learning disabilities and mental health problems: the impact of ethnicity www.google.com.
[27] Tuija Aro, Kenneth Eklund, Anna-Kaija Eloranta, Timo Ahonen, and Leslie Rescorla (2021), Learning Disabilities Elevate Children’s Risk for Behavioral-Emotional Problems. Hammill Institute on Disabilities. sagepub.com/journals-permissions.
[28] Doyle Colin. & Mitchell Duncan (2016), post-traumatic stress disorder and people with learning disabilities A literature-based discussion. St Andrews Hospital, and University of Salford, UK. https://jid.sagepub.com at Pennsylvania State university.
[29] Kathryn L. Hildyard, David A. Wolfe (2002), Child neglect: developmental issues and outcomes. Department of Psychology, The University of Western Ontario.
[30] Jean Marie Mcgloina and Cathy Spatz Wisdom (2001) Resilience among abused and neglected children grown up. Development and Psychopathology, Cambridge University Press Printed in the United States of America a Rutgers University.
[31] Frank W. Putnam (2003), Ten-Year Research Update Review: Child Sexual Abuse https://scholar.google.com.
[32] Rohwerder Brigitte (2018), Disability in South Sudan; Institute of Development Studies K4D. www.google.com.
[33] Shely Polak, Tom Altobelli, and Linda Popielarczyk (2020), Responding to severe parent-child rejection cases without parentectomy: A blended sequential intervention model and the role.
[34] Candace Cortiella (2009, 2) The State of Learning Disabilities. New York, NY: National Center for Learning Disabilities. www.LD.org/stateofld.
[35] Crouch Jennifer J. Jakubecy (2007) Dysgraphia: How It Affects a Student’s Performance and What Can Be Done About it. Case Study Published in TEACHING Exceptional Children Plus.
[36] Papanastasiou George, Charalampos Skianis and Athanasios Drigas (2022) Serious Games: How do they impact special education needs children. Athens, Greece 2 Information & Communication Systems Engineering Department, University of the Aegean. google scholar.
[37] Gunjan Verma (2022), Operant Conditioning theory B.F Skinner. KIIT College of Education Gurgaon. www.google.com/researchgate/publication.
[38] Razieh T. Nabavi, Mohammad S. Bijand (2012), Bandura’s Social Learning Theory & Social Cognitive Learning Theory. University of Science and Culture. researchgate.net.
[39] Maria Sofologi, Georgios A. Kougioumtzis, Maria Efstratopoulou, Efthalia Skoura, Savvoula Sagia, Styliani Karvela, Panagiota Myrto Salli, Evangelia Makri, Eleni Bonti (2022), Specific Learning Disabilities and Psychosocial Difficulties in Children. University of Ioannina, Greece, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2362.
[40] Rotimi Oguntayo, Samson F. Agberotimi, Johnson T. Oyeleke, Abayomi O. Olaseni, Adam A. Ayinde (2020), Psychosocial factors influencing learning disabilities. Department of Psychology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ DOI: 10.1515/eras-2020-0004.
Viewed PDF 527 14 -
Evaluating Smartphone Ownership and Usage for Maternal and Child Health in a Ugandan SlumAuthor: Michael MukiibiDOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.11.01.Art017Evaluating Smartphone Ownership and Usage for Maternal and Child Health in a Ugandan Slum
Abstract:
This research explores smartphone ownership and usage among Ugandan slum-dwelling women, assessing their readiness for mobile health maternal and child health interventions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of 200 women and in-depth interviews with 23 participants. Findings reveal significant smartphone usage and a positive disposition towards receiving health information digitally. Women valued the informative nature and convenience of health messages on their phones. Challenges identified include costs and technological literacy. The study underscores the potential of mHealth solutions in low-income settings, highlighting the necessity for accessible and user-friendly technology.
Keywords: mHealth, Maternal Health, Smartphone Ownership, Slum Settings, Technology Acceptance, User Attitude, Uganda.
Evaluating Smartphone Ownership and Usage for Maternal and Child Health in a Ugandan Slum
References:
[1] UNICEF. (2020). Maternal and newborn health. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/uganda/maternal-and-newborn-health.
[2] Lund, S., Hemed, M., Nielsen, B. B., et al. (2018a). Mobile phones as a health communication tool to improve maternal and child health access in Northern Tanzania. Health Promotion International, 33(2), 250-259.
[3] Musiimenta, A. Tumuhimbise, W., Pinkwart, N., et al. (2021). A mobile phone-based multimedia intervention to support maternal health in Uganda. Digital Health, Vol. 7: 1–10.
[4] Benson, J. T. (2022). Impact of Digital Literacy on mHealth Acceptance in Developing Countries. Journal of Digital Health.
[5] Patel, B. R., & Kumar, P. S. (2019). mHealth in Developing Countries: The Case of Maternal Health. Journal of Mobile Technology in Medicine.
[6] Kaplan, W. A., et al. (2016). User-centered design of mobile health. World Health Organization Technical Report.
[7] Mbonye, A. K., et al. (2012). Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Uganda. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 61(1), 136-145.
[8] Larson, E., et al. (2015). A behavior change intervention to improve maternal and child health services in Uganda. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 47(3), 248-256.
[9] Konde-Lule, J., et al. (2013). Mobile health clinics for antenatal care in rural Uganda. Global Health: Science and Practice, 1(2), 249-255.
[10] Tulenko, K., et al. (2014). Community health workers for universal health-care coverage. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92(11), 847-852.
[11] Jackson, M. O., & Marshall, T. P. (2020). Technological Interventions for Maternal Healthcare in Rural Regions: A Review. Rural Health Journal.
[12] Awor, P., Nabiryo, M., & Manderson, L. (2020). Innovations in maternal and child health in Uganda. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9(36), https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00651-0.
[13] Thomas, S., & Franklin, V. A. (2021). Digital Empowerment: Mobile Phones and the Lives of Women in Slums. International Journal of Mobile Communications.
[14] Lund, S., Hemed, M., Nielsen, B. B., et al. (2018b). Mobile phones to improve skilled attendance at delivery in Zanzibar. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 125(8), 1098-1105.
[15] Okop, K. J., Mukumbang, F. C., Mathole, T., & Levitt, N. (2017). Long term health system sustainability in South Africa. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 729.
[16] Gupta, A., & Navarrete, C. (2023). Bridging the Gap: mHealth in Women’s Health Education in Lower-income Regions. Health Education Journal.
[17] Greene, L. A. (2018). Mobile Technology in Community Health Monitoring: Promises and Challenges. Community Health Journal.
[18] Wilson, E., & James, S. (2022). Smartphone-Based Health Promotion: Tackling Maternal Mortality in Under-Resourced Settings. Global Health Promotion.
[19] Harris, K. L., & Dawson, J. D. (2021). The Role of Mobile Phones in Women's Health Education in Developing Nations. Journal of Health Education and Technology.
Viewed PDF 446 10
