Prevalence and Determinants of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors Among In-School Adolescents in Rural and Urban Areas of Adamawa State

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DOI: 10.21522/TIJAR.2014.12.01.Art011

Authors : Jenewari, J. A

Abstract:

This study investigates the prevalence and determinants of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among in-school adolescents in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A total of 624 adolescents participated, with 308 from rural schools and 316 from urban schools. The mean age was significantly higher in urban areas (15.79 ± 2.0 years) compared to rural areas (14.94 ± 1.9 years; p<0.001). Notable differences in ethnic and religious distributions were observed, with a higher proportion of Christians in rural areas (59.4%) and Muslims in urban areas (63.9%; p<0.001). Alcohol consumption was reported by 32.5% of urban respondents and 26.4% of rural respondents, though not statistically significant (p=0.0846). Smoking rates were slightly higher in urban areas (4.7%) compared to rural (3.2%, p=0.066). Dietary assessments showed inadequate fruit and vegetable intake in both settings, while physical activity levels were significantly different, with more rural adolescents (31.1%) reporting low activity compared to urban peers (17.1%, p<0.001). The prevalence of obesity was higher in urban adolescents (4.5% vs. 1.7%; p=0.049). These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to mitigate NCD risk factors among adolescents.

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