Associated Comorbidities in Children under 5 Years with Severe Acute Malnutrition Attending Magumeri General Hospital: Retrospective Hospital-Based Study
Abstract:
Malnutrition is a global health
challenge essentially because of its role as a preventable cause of several
morbidities and mortality around the globe, especially in children under 5
years. Associated comorbidities and types of morbidity common in children
admitted with severe acute malnutrition in Magumeri General Hospital were
investigated. This was a retrospective quantitative hospital-based study.
Hospital records, ward admission and discharge registers, and patient cards
were reviewed focusing on demographic, clinical, and mortality data extracted
on all children under 5 years admitted to the Hospital. Data during the period
of December 2018 to March 2020 was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel
2013 and SPSS version 17.0. 367 children under 5 years with complicated SAM
were identified from the reviewed total hospital admissions of 537. 217 cases
were male (59.1%) while 150 were female (40.9%). Marasmus was the most common
type of severe acute malnutrition (75.2%) while diarrhea, respiratory tract
infection, and malaria were the top three comorbidities, majority of the cases
were managed successfully with 79.6 % reported to have fully recovered and were
discharged, while 17 (4.1%) died. Magumeri is a locality disproportional
affected by various insecurities due to the Boko Haram insurgency, resulting in
the high prevalence of severe acute malnutrition among children under 5 years,
representing 68.3% of total hospital admissions in the same age group, while
81.2 % had at least more than one comorbidity with a significant association
between prolonged hospital stay and treatment (p < 0.001).
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